Event-Related Potentials Study Of The Acquirement And Application Of Learning Strategy In Different Cognitive Conditions

The definition of learning strategy has not reached a consensus in the current academic community. But the definition of learning strategy proposed by Professor Dianzhi Liu (1997) has been widely used in this field, which is that the procedures rules, methods, techniques and methods of control which used in learning activities effectively, it is not only an implicit system of rules, but also explicit methods, procedures, steps. This definition was already concerned about the consciousness of learning strategies, the existence of implicit learning strategy is a new starting point. Huihui Yang (2008) did the research of Implicit Learning Strategies firstly domestic. The research has shown the existence of implicit learning strategies and implicit learning strategies have been learned automatically. On the basis of this study we can further the consciousness of learning strategies will or not affect the acquisition and use of learning strategies, if it will, how did it do? In addition, we also investigated the differences between low and high frequency of stimulation. That means we investigated the ERP differences of acquisition and use of the learning strategies in different cognitive conditions (implicit and explicit, high-frequency and low frequency conditions).In this study we use the mathematics learning strategy of "parity strategy" that is "odd×odd = odd even×even = even". Investigating the differences of the acquisition and use of learning strategies under the different cognitive conditions. The first kind is low frequency, which frequency of "parity Strategy" formula ("odd×odd = odd even×even = even"), is 50% of the total formula, the other formula can not use this strategy, There are two kinds instruction (implicit and explicit). The other one is the high frequency, that is, all learning materials are "odd×odd = odd even×even = even", the condition is also divided into implicit and explicit groups. Experimental behavior and EEG data were also recorded, then, combine the result of the two. Results showed that:(1) Under low-frequency condition Implicit and explicit instructions do not affect reaction time and accuracy.The explicit group induced bigger amplitude of N100 than the implicit group in the left and right top occipital. Explicit group induced longer latency of N1 than the implicit group in the left parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe.The explicit group induced bigger amplitude of N270 than the implicit group in the left parietal and occipital, but, no difference in N270 latency.The implicit group induced bigger amplitude of P200 than the explicit group in the left parietal lobe and occipital lobe, but, no difference in P200 latency.Under different instructions group there is no difference of amplitude and latency of P300 at all electrodes.(2) Under high frequency conditionsImplicit and explicit instructions do not affect reaction time and accuracy.Two kinds of instructions do not affect the processing of the early components N100.The explicit group induced bigger amplitude of N270 than the implicit group in the frontal, but, no difference in N270 latency.Under the two kinds of instructions there is no significant difference in P200 amplitude, but the implicit group induced longer latency of P200 than the explicit group in the frontal, parietal and occipital lobe on the right side.The implicit group induced bigger amplitude of P300 than the explicit group in the frontal and parietal lobe on the right side of the volatility, but, no significant difference in P300 latency at all electrodes.(3) Under implicit groupThe low frequency group had higher accuracy than high frequency group.The high frequency group induced bigger amplitude of N100 than the low frequency group in the top left and right occipital lobe. The latency of the high frequency is significantly longer in the left parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe. The low frequency group induced bigger amplitude of N270 than the high frequency group in the left parietal lobe and occipital lobe, but the latency difference is not significant.The high frequency group induced bigger amplitude of P200 than the low frequency group in the left parietal lobe and occipital lobe. But, the high-frequency peak longer.Under different frequencies group there is no difference of amplitude and latency of P300 at all electrodes.(4) Under explicit groupThe frequencies do not affect reaction time and accuracy.The high-frequency induced bigger amplitude of N270 in the frontal, longer latency.Different frequencies induced N100, P200, P300 amplitude and latency were not significantly different.?...