Primary Research On The Ecological Thoughts In Hamsun's Novels

Knut Hamsun(1859——1952),is a famous novelist,playwright and poet in Norway. Hamsun appealed to people to value the fundamental through his works. In his opinion, the modernization cannot be stopped and the agricultural civilization is the essence in the past , now and the future.Only when people realized the relations between theirself and the nature,the homestead and the tradition, they would be promised to return to the nature; only when people got rid of the shackles imposed on them by the modern civilization , they would enjoy the instinct given by nature.This article from the ecological criticism point of view, starting with the analysis of Hamsun's woks of The Growth of soil,Hunger,Pan and Wanderer, try to illuminate the deepset ecological concepts included in the novels.The introduction of the paper covers the ecocriticism and the questions needed to be probed and solved. Which also gives a brief account of the literature creation about Hamsun. The part of the text falls into three chapter to expound the article's main content. Chapter one introduce the artistic features and the ideological in Hamsun's works.Chapter two, combined the The Growth of soil ,analizes the natural ecology in the Hamsun's creation. In The Growth of soil , which is called"The epic of the mother earth", the land in the works has a strong indicative color. People are born on the ground and grow up on it, which undoubtedly becomes the homeland to the people .which not only provide the things necessary to people, but also bring the spiritual comfort and the tranquility to people. In this woks , the author tells us both the animals,the plants and the human beings are the sons of the nature and all the things are equal .The human are not the master of the nature , only when people set up the equal relation we could get the gifts by the nature or we'll be punished by it and make the environment get worsen than before. Chapter three , combined the Hunger,Pan and Wanderer, elaborates the social ecology in the Hamsun's creation and talks about the social problems. Through the love tragedy and the pressure people facing in the city life, Hamsun try to warn people that the deterioration of the ecological environment and the conflict between modern society and the original civilization having hurt people's hearts a lot. In the development of society, people in order to persuit of profit and materially well-off not hesitating to destory the environment they lived , all of this not only has a influnce on the environt but also on the people's ideas. People have lost purity of their inner minds. Chapter four talk about the problem of psychic ecology which base on the natural ecology and the social ecology. Hamsun appeal to people to return to nature and resolve the problems of lacking of commitment to their own beliefs and the spiritual crises by holding the national tradition way.Through the analysis of four chapters , we can get the summary of Hamsun's ecological thoughts and learn that Hamsun was worried about the relations between human and the nature. People should love the nature , value the land they lived , live a simple life and structure the harmonious between human beings and the nature,the society and the hearts.