| The slogan of"freedom"raised during the French Revolution was populated in the field of intellectual and literature in Germany. It was obvious in Kant ,Fichte, Goethe ,Schiller ,Schelling ,Hegel and others thought .Throughout the period of classical German philosophy and aesthetic ,Schiller, as a writer and aesthete , is the best person for spent most energy to thought freedom which as a subject of his own life .This not only reflected in the works of Schiller's aesthetics ,but also profoundly reflected in many of his best plays .Schiller used a poetic pen to wrote his thinking process of literature and aesthetics .This process also was a history what he explored for human regain freedom .Freedom, was his lifelong pursuit of the ideals and objectives.The word"freedom", at different historical stages in western ,indifferent cultural backgrounds, in different thinkers ,there will always be some difference emerged .From ancient Greece to the the medieval period ,the word"freedom"was not put forward alone and clearly ,it was more related to the identity ,status ,hierarchy and so on ,it was closely linked city social and political system .In the Middle Ages when the religious life became an important part ,the word"freedom"only concerned with the faith and God ,prior freedom was closely related to slavery and despotism .At the Middle Ages ,the secular sentiments of freedom has been replaced by a religious spiritual strength .After the French Revolution which erupted in 1789,Germany thinkers replaced by a speculative and abstracted means to explored freedom .The word"freedom"yield unusually brilliant result in the field of classical German philosophy .because it is not limited to the comfortable nature of the situation of self ,and it involves more spiritual level ,with the rational ,moral ,etc ,together .After Hegel ,the concept of freedom truly became the core area of aesthete and has repeatedly argued by the latecomers. However, the real turning point of the relationship between freedom and aesthete was started from Schiller.Schiller's first thinking to freedom was started in the French Revolution .With the deepening of reflection ,expanding of asking scope and horizon ,many category associated with freedom has displayed in front of Schiller .freedom and nature ,freedom and society ,freedom and people ,etc,freedom and political ,freedom and religion ,freedom and philosophy ,etc ,freedom and game ,freedom and art ,freedom and beauty ,freedom and aesthetic ,etc ,freedom and perceptual ,freedom and reason ,freedom and will ,freedom and emotion etc ,freedom and moral ,freedom and noble ,freedom and dignity etc ,all of above were in the scope of Schiller's concern ,which became the subjects of Schiller's thought life .The"freedom fighter"(Zhang Yushu said ) used his relatively short and glory life gave the word"freedom"the best footnote.However, freedom has already fallen in real life. Schiller believes that freedom is damaged in varying degrees in all aspects under the modern civilization. Freedom and freedom spirit is gradually lost. Schiller believes that the pursuit of liberty led to the passage of nature. In this condition, nature seldom shows its organic face with the whole picture. In Schiller's view, one of the prerequisites for the loss of freedom lies in the fact that human nature has shown a state of division and confrontation. In his view, human nature has remained at between cynicism and rough. Not only that, but whether it is external to the country, class, occupation, religious, legal, moral, etc., or is within the experience, enjoy, objectives, efforts, etc., have become the strength of people who hold different views. It is precisely because the interaction of all these forces, torn apart the whole person who had been in the state of harmony. Person has been torn by forces and turned into "debris", just as a whole machinery of the "small debris alone." He further believes that art, when it no longer cares about the moral improvement, or do not takes the moral as a boundaries, the free spirit of art has fallen into danger.It is obvious that freedom has been damaged at different levels. In Schiller's view, in order to rescue freedom, there is no better method unless art that is a free game. In the relation of freedom and every category, freedom and games, art, beauty, aesthetic and so on has been the focus point of Schiller concerned. Schiller says that the game theory is influenced and inspired by Kant. Therefore, Schiller identified meaning should be: games, do not mean the freedom activity out of all necessary , and mainly refers to the freedom activity that out of some particular and external necessary for the moment .The realization of freedom spirit is through the course of the game reflected many elements of freedom to reach and achieve. Freedom is precious, because at the opposite of this mandatory, we are able to see we have the right to choose. Freedom what is opposed inevitable is only a political level freedom to some extent, it is a kind of narrow freedom. Its essence is a negative, and a kind of in a passive state freedom. In a sense, the regulatory and spontaneity problem of freedom is how can people achieve the reality and possibility of freedom. Only the independence of freedom become true, freedom could be a possible. Schiller believes that only through the leap of "material game" to "aesthetic game", the realization of freedom could be a possible.The process of people's constant pursuit in game is developed from the pleasure taken by material to the realization of people to themselves even aesthetic. This process is not only to get rid of various restrictions and forces, but also to achieve independence. More importantly, it is a process people appreciate beauty and freedom in game. People themselves and aesthetic itself became the object of the search, it is a full expression of free creative spirit in game. It is precisely because the realization of this kind of primary, creativity, independence create activities, so that we become aware the free presence of game, so that our soul can extend or stretch infinitely in free game. In this sense, the aesthetic games is free, the free game is aesthetic. In a word, games, freedom, the aesthetic are integral necessary conditions for being a human.Schiller believes that in a free aesthetic game that is art ,people have been cultivated the aesthetic sensitivity ,it could digested people's rejects by serious principal such as reason ,freedom ,moral ,etc.In Schiller's view ,precisely because of range of opposite forces which existed in people's own body namely the existence of impulse ,resulting in a variety of contradictions and opposing forces .He considered there are two main impulses in the human body ,that is emotional impulse and formal impulse .Therefore need for a third impulse to reconcile the two .This third impulse situation game impulse .Only create and provide own senses through experience ,and feel the object created by own in the creation ,and sublate all contingencies ,and sublate the enforcement of people's mind by material and spiritual ,people could obtain a state of substantial freedom and spiritual freedom .From this level ,this state is a game state .Only in the game impulse ,we can not only feel the existence of"living image",and this image could cover all of the real word through the aesthetic .Therefore, beauty means not only to show the image of the aesthetic ,but also above all the real life under the aesthetic .Schiller believes that ,whether natural human who act with their own sent ,or ethical human who under a rational guidance ,both deviate from the boundaries .Only become a game and aesthetic human in aesthetic game is rational requirements .Only the aesthetic game can final the reconciliation of emotion and ration .So become a game person and become a complete person is the goal of people in aesthetic game .At this point ,the split of the internal even the external of people was sublate in the process of aesthetic game and the process of search for the aesthetic ideal under ration ,further has truly became a complete nature human .Only when people in the middle state of mind that is free of mind ,and neither are they subject to material and ethical restrictions ,people can become a human of fully sense .This is a free man in independent state .Schiller believes that the aesthetic game is necessary for game to regain .Schiller believes that the person who in the aesthetic state and has the aesthetic mood ,and grasp aesthetic under the law of freedom ,is the ideal person in Schiller's idea .In Schiller's thought ,people and even human's history is an ever-developing process and a progress process .Through the process of material game to aesthetic game ,people complete the leaping progress of concern for the other substance and the world to concern for self ,and then transition to concern the aesthetic even the nature of aesthetic .In this progress ,people from the passive ,limited ,mandatory state to the active ,unlimited ,conscious ,creative active step by step .Schiller believes that between the natural terrible kingdom and the law moral kingdom ,there needs a bridge that is aesthetic kingdom .Schiller believes that only in aesthetic kingdom ,through the object of free game that is the living aesthetic image ,could achieve freedom .This can be said a portray of Schiller seek freedom in the path of the aesthetic ideal!...
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