| Henry ? David Thoreau (Henry David Thoreau, 1817 ~ 1862) was a famous American philosopher, writer and thinker in the 19th century. Thoreau did not receive due recognition during his lifetime and the generations of his age criticized him more and praised less. After 1940s, the Americans are speaking well of him more and more along with various honors to him. In this paper, the basic theory of ecological ethics is to illustrate Thoreau's Walden and Other Writings through basic theory of ecological ethics. I pay attention to Thoreau's unique character and experience. In the basis of analyzing the appearance of ecological ethics in Walden and Other Writings and the theory's modern meaning and value, I comb the theory wholly. I also perceive the work from ethics, exhibit its particular philosophy in the work and try to open a window for our understanding to know Thoreau's thought on creation comprehensively. The specific content of the chapters are summarized as follows:Introduction: according to the general study on Thoreau national and abroad, the author proposed research topic. As to the ecological research of Thoreau, most domestic and foreign scholars start is from the eco-criticism only while the author concerns the analysis and reasoning on ecological ethics, which is basically a blind spot. There is only fragmentary exposition and no systemic release on it.Part I: The reasons and characteristics resulte the ecological ethics which contained in the Walden and Other Writings of Thoreau. There is his unique growth condition, the influence from Emerson and his Transcendentalism and the truth of spiritual fall in industrial society in it. Those previous elements also constituted and achieved the Walden and Other Writings of Thoreau. It allowed the audiences to master the characteristics of ecological ethics contained in Walden and Other Writings when reading it, which include the connection of Chinese traditional culture and his ecological ethics; the putting forward of theory of life community and the life principle of being easier and easier.Part II: It tells the environmental Ethics in the works Walden and Other Writings. Ecological ethics is a branch of ethics, which studies and gropes the human ethics and morality in the ecological environment. I referred relative theories on ecological ethics: human should worship and respect life; There is new humanitarianism in it; I also read and appreciate the Walden and Other Writings from the value of nature in order to have a frank and direct mastering to ecological ethics in the works.Part III: The modern meaning and value of ecological ethics conceived in Thoreau's Walden and Other Writings. It warned and alerted the contemporary world by the ethics in the work: we can only solve the ecological crises we faced when we respect and revere nature, realize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature and choose a reasonable way of life.Conclusion: Thoreau is the most influential writer in American literary and culture history and because of which, we Chinese scholars still have much space to do research on him. We can penetrate the deep and long influence of seeking human spiritual hometown in nature from his ecological ethics theory. We concluded it based on'hot study on Thoreau'in various countries, hundreds kinds of translations of Walden and Other Writings in China and abroad and the worships from scholars and writers. The gradual intense study to Thoreau and his representative work Walden and Other Writings in academic field predicts that the theory on value that he advocated raised a lot of common sense among people.
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