Experimental Research On The Effect Of The Dpressive State On Prospective Memory

Objective:With the development of the the study of prospective memory, study of the effect of emotion on it also increasing day by day. Researchers explored the relationship of emotional with prospective memory from different angles.But they do not agree with eachother.This paper organized two experiments to explore the relationship of the Dpressive State and Prospective Memory.Methord:1. By the result of SCL-90 on the freshmen of Zhengzhou University,pick the student who have depressive emotion,also use scale of SDS to eliminate the non-depressive emotion students,then used Teenager temperament scale picked fouty-three students of melancholic temperament as experiment group (boys=21,girls=22); while picked fouty-two students by random as control group.(boys=21,girls=21),all of the students are between 18 to 20 ages.2. Use Visual Basic 6.0 drawed up two programs.Experiment one:comparing the prospective memory of two groups,Experiment two:Experimental of different target on prospective memory.3. Did two experiments in school's computer room,twenty computers with windows2000.Master guided subjects went into laboratory on the same time.Then read the experimental instruction,and went on experiments.The wholl experiment could be done by themselves,computer recorded the results.4. Durling the secondexperiment, also inspected the reliability and validity of subjective prospective and retrospective memory scale. Internal consistency reliability:αp=0.904,αr=0.939,αt=0.954, the correlation is significant on level 0.01;while validity of the KMO=0.841, if made the factor as two,it can explain 41.455% of total variation.Result:1. Factor of suspicion has significant positive correlation with Time-based prospective memory(r=0.358, p=0.023); 2. Time-based prospective memory is batter than Event-based prospective memory of all the subjects,but do not come to significant;3. Two groups had significant difference on Time-based prospective memory (t=-2.598,p=0.013);4. Two groups did not have significient difference on the three tasks; (t=-0.974,p=0.336;t=1.496,p=0.143;t=-0.212,p=0.833);5. Two groups'did not have significient difference on correct rate and reaction time of Positive words,but not the negative words. (t=2.555, p=0.015;t=-2.388,p=0.022);6. The experiment group had significient difference on positive-negative words'correct rate and reaction time. (t=-3.907,p=0.001;t=2.936, p=0.008); but the control group only had significient difference on positive-negative words' reaction time. (t=-2.348,p=0.03);7. Two groups did not have significient difference on retrospective memory (t=-1.915,p=0.063);8. All the subjects did not have significient difference on subjective prospective and retrospective memory with objective results.(depressed:r=-0.012, p=0.961;r=-0.294,p=0.208;control:r=-0.399,p=0.081;r=-0.029,p=0.902).Conclusion:1. Depressed emotion will effect the distribution of Cognitive Resources,especially on Time-based prospective memory;2. Individuals had developed the way of life and study which matched themselves,and they expressed batter than expectation;3. Individuals with depressed mood are sensitive with negative things,have faster reaction;4. Suggested the future research should mind ecological effect,make the experiment close to life.