Research On The Prince-dominated Political Situation Of The Song Dynasty And The Qi Dynasty In Nan Dynasty

The Song Dynasty and the Qi Dynasty in Nan Dynasty are the most brutal dynasties in which the royal family fought against each other in Chinese history. And the Prince-dominated Political Situation of this two dynasties are similar.In the early Song Dynasty, Song Wudi and Song Wendi appointed a lot of Princes and made them join the government and manage the country. In this way, they restrained the power of strong family and strengthened the power of the government. It led to "Yuan Jia Zhi Zhi". However, some bad influence appeared because of Emperor Song Wendi's suspicion of the kings. By the middle and late period of the dynasty, the power of the imperial princes became bigger and bigger, and Xiao Wudi and Song Mingdi were both illegally to be the Emperors, so the events that the suspicion and slaughter between the emperor and the princes never stopped. This, therefore, gave Xiao Daocheng an opportunity to usurp the throne of the Song Dynasty to establish the Qi Dynasty.After the foundation of the Qi Dynasty, the first emperor Xiao Daocheng learnt the lesson from the Song Dynasty. He made the royal princes take part in his authority widely while he advocated respect and piety between the royal princes. Later his son the Emperor Qi Wudi took the preventive measures to stop the killing between the royal families by controlling the princes strictly. Although it saved the royal members, it weakened the power of the royal princes. And Xiao Luan took the chance. He replaced the emperor and founded his dynasty. He still named it the Qi Dynasty. And he was the Emperor Qi Mingdi. On one hand, the Emperor Qi Mingdi massacred the estranged members of the royal family; on the other hand, he supported the close members of the royal family. Finally, the Qi Dynasty ended because of the decadent regime of the emperors and rebellion of the local power.Essentially, the Prince-dominated Political system was a particular official system. For its particularity, this official system could strengthen the power of the authority in the early of the dynasty. So It was always used by the emperors. But for the same reason, it easily caused the government to become unstable and finally weakened the power of the emperor. So it offered the opportunities for the officers who wanted to usurp the throng. Studying the evolution of the politics of the Song Dynasty and the Qi Dynasty basically, this thesis analyzes it deeply by adopting the theories of history, sociology and politics in order to explore some inherent laws and offer historical reference to today's political rule.