The Realization Of The Distributive Justice Under Market Economy

After Beijing set socialist market economy as her goal of the reform of Chinese economy, the academic circle is interested in the questions concerning market economy. From the philosophical and ethical perspective, the paper generally studies the morality of market economy, and then, starting from a concrete and cardinal question: under socialist market economy whether the distributive justice can be brought about .The author argues that market economy has moral value of its own. When combined with socialism, the moral value of market economy will be developed greatly, because under the conditions of socialist market economy, we will achieve more distributive justice. The paper consists of three parts, including an introduction.Part 1 the differentiation of some important concepts. The author analyses the differences between ethics and morality, morality and moral foundations and gives the concrete connotation of market economy, as an economic running system and does the research of market economy from the specific perspective of philosophy and ethics, and shows the connotation of justice. The author gives the reasons of using "moral" in his paper and his own opinion of morality and holds that the basic meaning of justice is to give everyone what they are deserved but its concrete meaning is changeable along with the history in different historical period, the subject of "giving" and the criterion of judging what "they are deserved" and the specific reference of "everyone" are all different.Part 2: general research about the morality of market economy. The author firstly states that the high efficiency of market economy lies in its running system and explains the moral meaning of the "invisible hand" and the moral value of efficiency; secondly expounds self-decision and mutual-end, as the agents' basic ideas, has moral values; and finally advocates that the fundamental differencebetween socialist market economy and capitalist market economy is that the former actively pursues and successfully realizes the combination and mutually-encouraging of the market efficiency and the social justice.Part3, the author studies the morality of market economy specifically. Analyzing several typical viewpoints of distributive justice: Rawls' substantive justice, Nozick's procedural (right) justice. Hayek's rules (procedural) justice-a natural order, Communitarianism's viewpoints of distributive justice, Habermas' "procedural justice" and Confucian's hierarchical justice, the author argues that we should pay more attention to the distributive justice theories of Rawls and Communitarians, and weaken the influence of Confucian tradition and try to find a procedure agreeing with justice and its steps. And then the author points out that under socialist market economy, distributive justice can be achieved in a much more degree and he shows the reasons and general arrangements.