Changes Of China's Farmland Property Rights System And Innovative Research Thereon

On the basis of the elaboration of New Institutional Economic theories concerning property rights and change of system,this thesis makes systematic retrospection of the change process of China's farmland property rights system,investigates the contents and structural characteristics of farmland property rights system at different stages of this process,and the different social economic achievements resulting from different systems,giving the economic explanation of the evolutionary process of China's farmland property rights system. After analyzing the defects of current household responsibility system in view of property rights and the unfavorable economic effects emerging in its actual operating process,the author discusses the necessity and possibility of making innovations,and then puts forward the general idea of innovation on farmland shareholding cooperative system.In the account of fundamental theories of property rights,starting from the basic meaning of the definition of property rights,the contents and the basic characteristics are explained,with much emphasis on the related function of property rights,which,to put it in detail,is just the function of property fights in social economic relationship as well as in economic operation. It is not designed artificially but intrinsic. As long as the property rights exists or is put into effect,it will function or affect the social economy appropriately. A state of function corresponds with a property rights arrangement. That is to say,different property rights arrangements will result in different stimulation,binding effects,resource disposition as well as different modes of profit distribution. Nevertheless,in reality,the quality of the functioning is decided by people's different value judgments. In the light of the function ancl the change regularity of property rights,the above characteristics of property rights enable people to optimize the function and achieve anticipated goals according to certain value standard,by way of adjusting property rights structure and changing its pattern. Moreover,as a general introduction of theories of system changes,it is generalized that the causality of the changes is the external profit which is not available under the existing System;the prerequisite for the occurrence of change is the shifting of the system from balanced situation to unbalanced. The balanced situation of system need and. system supply can be realized and theprocess of system change complete only when the potentially social net benefit under the new system is greater than that of the previous system,and the potentially individual net benefit is greater as well.While applying fundamental theories in specific research on the change of China's farmland property rights system and the innovation thereon,the author analyzes the present household responsibility system,pointing out its objectively existing defects,such as the subject of the ownership is not clear,the ownership of the farmland is incomplete,the peasant household's contract rights is not stable,the farmland property rights is short of legal protection,etc. It is also accentuated in the thesis that these defects have harmful effects on utilization of farmland,management behavior,agricultural production as well as social economy. They are reflected in the following aspects:the oversmall scale and scattered management of farmland,the multiple-industrial and short-termed peasant household's management behavior,the slow shift of the surplus labor,etc. Meanwhile,from the angle of system change,it is proved that the change of factors centering on productive forces,causes the existence of the external profit,which is not available under household responsibility system,thus leading to the need for a new system. This shows that the balance of the previous farmland property rights system has been broken,and there is necessity and inevitability to innovate and perfect the current farmland,property rights. Moreover,the reduction of system innovation cost and the increase of anticipated profit a...