| Public input, also called governmental input, is a kind of activity about social resource assignment. It is performed by the government to achieve the aim of governing the economy and society. It mainly reflects the governmental assignment of financial funds and then achieves the national functions. Under the market economic system, the functions of the government as the administrative organization of public affairs may include solving the malfunction and realizing social impartiality. The purpose of public input is to fulfil the governmental functions. The range of the governmental functions determines the directions and types of public input.As a powerful nation whose economy is in transition, China is having numerous problems related to public affairs, and these problems are crisscross. To adapt to this situation, the directions and types of Chinese public input should be many-sided. Yet under the circumstance of limited financial resources, it's impossible to implement the public input and to solve all the problems related to public affairs simultaneously. So the public input must center on some of them at certain period of time. Under this foundation, the government tries to assign the limited national financial resources scientifically and rationally. The principles of public input must be the integration of impartiality and efficiency. The assignment of public input, namely, the assignment of resources, must be affected by the subjective and objective factors, such as the total amounts of public input, the standard of economic development, the pattern of governmental strategic decision and the ways of government management. These factors may affect the sequences of public input to a certain degree.The sequence of "the people's livelihood first and the social development second" for public input is put forward under the Chinese realistic conditions. China is in the transitional process from planned economy to market economy and she is surely to encounter many conflicts and problems. In particular, under the long-term economic-construction-oriented guidance, many public affairs and public services have been neglected and haven't been fully developed, and even have run into debt. Through more than 20 years' reform and the adoption of open-door policy, Chinese economy has been developing greatly and people's life has also been improved significantly. However, because of the differences of regional development led by the fast economy increase and the continual extension of gaps of social income, such problems as obtaining employment, education, and medical services become people's general worries. SARS in the year of 2003 and some other continuous disasters and accidents make us fully realize the real conflicts and problems under the cover of economic fast growth. They are imbalance, dislocation, and poor-control of economic growth. Not only China but also the whole world cannot bear such kinds of increase. This problem is rapidly spread in China with the total population of 1.3 billion and makes us fully realize the significance of all-sided, coordinated and sustainable development as well as the urgency of the five overall plans. The Chinese latest-elected central leadership makes a correct assessment of the situation and clearly makes "the standpoint of scientific development" and "giving priority to people" their ruling faith. At the NPC (National People's Congress) and PCC (Political Consultative Conference), Premiere Wen Jiabao pointed out: China should pursue the development—not only the economic development, but also social development which includes obtaining employment, education, science and technology, environmental protection, culture, hygiene, social security and social impartiality.In order to set the public input sequence which is based on the people's livelihood, the following relationships should be well dealt with: first, the relationship between the short-term targets and the long-term ones; second, the relationship between the impartiality and efficiency; third, the...
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