Establishment Of The Rural Social Security System

With the development of the rural socialist market economy, it is a social command to establish a rural social security system. It will be a pioneer work in the human progressive history to establish a rural social insurance system in the countryside with a population of 9 billion in China. As there is no precedent in the world that we can use for reference. It will be of great significance on theory and reality for the construction of the socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics, for the perfect of the socialist market economy system, for the promotion of the sustained rural economic development and the construction of the well-to-do society, and for the maintaining of the stability of the countryside.The rural social security system, contrast to the city social security system, is an important part of our national social security system. In general, it is a kind of public plan given by nation or society and established through legislation or administrative measures in order to protect rural members and their families' economic safety or to provide essential welfare. It composed by rural social insurance, rural social succor, social welfare, social mutual aid and personal saving accumulation. But, due to some historical reasons, the dualistic economic structure between city and countryside in Chinese society excludes the farmers lived largely on their land out of the social security system. So it becomes the largest regret in modern Chinese socialism for the lag of the rural social security system. There are many difficulties occupy the system:Firstlly, with the development of the social economy and the socialization of rural production, the function of the family's long used self-guarantee patterns is diminishing due to the changes of family's scale and structure or the mobile populationï¼›Secondly, in real society, the multifunctional land, which the most farmers lived on, can no longer undertake all the life risk, but only a nominal security. Therefore, such problems as endowment assurance, medical care, offspring' education and employment can no longer be resolved only by the tiny remaining fragment functions of farmlandï¼›Thirdly, the dualistic social security system brought by the dualistic economy is quite unfair, which is widening the differences and people's living standard between city and countrysideï¼›Finally, the rural social security system lacks supply. Most of the national security measures haven't carried out in countryside,and what's more, still exists many difficult problems in the rural social security system, including the welfare traps in cities, the absence of pensions for old people and so on.Although Marx, Engles and Lenin do not set out definitely about the theory of the rural social security system, they also have some scientific opinions:In general, they explain the necessity of the establishing of the rural social security system. While finding varieties of income and resources in capitalistic society, Marx states clearly from the angle of the social reproduction that it is social security fund that makes the reproduction run smoothly and argue from the angle of the variable capitals the significance of the construction of the fund. So Marx considers that it is essential to establish the rural social security system not only for the productive material, but also for the laborers themselves in his splendid blueprint of the future society;Moreover, they elaborate the sources and function of the security fund. Marx thinks that whatever in capitalistic society or in socialistic society, security fund comes from the surplus product or surplus value created by societal surplus labor;In addition to that, they propose the leading theory of responsibility of the social security. Lenin develops Marx's theory of social security. He not only discussed the content and concept of the national insurance, but also proposed the famous thesis "the best form of workers' insurance is national one's", which becomes the source of the theory of the security system in socialisti...