| After reforming and opening to the outside world, the incoming level of the inhabitants between city and countryside has risen by a big margin and the incoming difference between city and countryside has constantly extended with it. The incoming gap between city and countryside was ever narrowed in the early 80s. But since 1998, in general, the fluctuation margin has appeared a extending trend. By the year of 2000, the incoming portion between city and countryside has enlarged to 2.79(1 in countryside) from 2.17:1 in 1998. It enlarged to 2.9:1 in 2001 and 3.11:1 in 2002. According to the rough calculation, if considering the coin income, the gap in 2002 would have been enlarged to 4:1; if considering all the welfare subsidy, the gap would have been extended to 5-6:1.The main reasons leading to the bigger incoming gap between city and countryside lie in: (i) the dual economic structure produces the gap. China has carried out the policy of dual economic structure for a long time. It hasn't revised the policy between city and countryside according to industrial developing stages and it caused a serious effect. The biggest error is lagged urbanization process. 70% of the population has still lived in countryside and 50% of the social labors and almost 80% of country labors are going in for agriculture. The number of farmers is very large and employing opportunities are small. This is the biggest difficulty that affects national economic development. We can say that if we don't abolish the policy of dual economic structure, we can't solve the problems about "Three Agricultures" better at all and the incoming gap between city and countryside is difficult to be narrowed. (ii) The economic developing strategy makes the incoming gap between city and countryside change. The higher concentrated planning economic system bans peasants' action in different areas and limits agriculture and peasants constantly. It makes per capita income of peasants' families lower for a long time. Peasants basically maintain adequate food and clothing. And relatively speaking, the income of city inhabitants is steady. (iii) Economic system reform enlarges the incoming gap between city and countryside for a further step. System reform empties vigor into economy and improves the incoming level of the inhabitants between city and countryside step by step. But during the reform between country economic system and city system, the increase of per capita income between country and city inhabitants is uneven. From the whole point of view of city and countryside, it has something to do with the relevant lagged reform about countryside and agriculture that the incoming gap between city and countryside becomes larger.At present, the general incoming gap of our inhabitants has approached the cordon that is generally acknowledged in the world. It mainly results in the bigger gap between city and countryside. If the gap continues, it will affect economic growth and social steady development. The incoming gap is so large that wealth is in minorities excessively. There is a trend of decreasing in consuming for most of inhabitants. It affects the economic increasing that the increasing of expenditure in consumption is lower than the increasing of income. The widening of the incoming gap between city and countryside can not only cause the unsteadiness of our society, but also be on the contrary to the aim of common richness. The extravagant style of life of some higher persons helps the increasing of price. The national property loses a lot. It arises the unsatisfied feeling of the public and affects the working enthusiasm and the supporting reforming strength of the vast employees. So it increases the cost of reform and draws back the development of social economy. The degree of the gap between city and countryside should be relevant to a certain developing stage of the society. The objective gap, whether it is bigger or smaller, will lead to negative effect and be bad for the realization of the aim of economic increasing, social s...
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