On The Relationship Between Fairness And Efficiency And Justice

The socialist market economy opens a problem about the relationship between efficiency and fairness. Considering the fact that the gap between poverty and richness is becoming wider and becoming a normal state of affairs, it's essential !o have a deep analysis of this relationship. In the extant debates about this relationship, some theoretical problems need to be clarified.The relationship between "Fairness and Efficiency" can be divided into two: 1 , the relationship between "fairness as a equality of result" and efficiency. 2, the relationship between "fairness as a equality of process which includes equality of chance and regulations" and effiency. In fact the latter is the relationship between "justice and efficiency".In western developed countries, the debates about the above problem focus on the problem that: whether it's necessary for the government to gain a equality of result in the re-distributions or not and how it can, which is the former meaning of "fairness and efficiency". These debates all agree with the natural order: market economy of "free competition", free market and equal competition, and their difference is only what price effiency should pay for equality. While in China, because of different culture and actual national conditions, when we discuss the relationship of " fairnes and efficiency", we couldn't only focus on the realm of re-distribution, but the process: how to gain the fairness of "primary distributation", i.e. the latter meaning of the relationship of "fairness and efficiency".The severe unfairness of distributation existing in Chinese society are not the outcome of market competition, but the outcome of unfairness and disorder. For example, the richness of some early-rich people isn't the result of creation and actual efficiency, but the result of illegal transference of richness, which brings up a problem deserving to be studied: the market as structure of social economy life should be fair; Fairness relates to the conditions of social economy life.The badside of our market economy is it's impefection of structue and competition without full fairness. If we overlook so much unfairness really existed, and prate about efficiency and fairness(as a resuilt), we are just like "climbing a tree to catch a fish"So it's more important to study the problem fair competition in socialist market economy than to pay attention to "how to adjust the result of competition", if we focus on the relationship of fairness and efficiency.Socialism need devote great power to productive force, so it's necessary for socialist marke economy to seek efficiency, but seeking efficiency shouldn't make us give up fairness, after all which is our aim and seeking efficiency is just our means. Efficiency is meaningless, if it doesn't mean the wholly social development and harmony, mean people's general affluence of mind and matter, and mean all people live happily in a society with harmony.It's impossible to improve the level of economy without "a priority in efficiency" which need fainess, so we think that socialist market economy can get to common richness by improving efficiency on the basis of fairness, and this is a newly way of social development following which is a glories mission of our Chinese nation's history.The best balance between fairness and efficiency can't be achieved unless we seek efficiency on the basis of fairness.