Research On The Distribution Of National Grain Reserves In China

In China, the purpose and function to set up national grain reserve system is to carry out macro control of grain supply and demand, to maintain the grain market stability, to deal with serious nature disaster and other emergency. Right now the total grain storage facility capacity in China already has been going on with the demand of national grain reserve and enterprise temporary storage. And the total scale of national grain reserve has reached 16% of the total national grain consumption each year. But there are still some existing problems which damage the function of the national grain reserve system, such as how to make it more efficient in macro control of grain market, how to save the cost in grain reserve sector while make it's function more efficient.The problems are mainly caused by the grain reserve distribution.In this research, we discussed the function of national grain reserve, the operation model and the distribution situation at present, the distribution problems in different regions, different specials and storage facilities. We identified reasonable standards and influencing factors on grain reserve distribution system. According to the analysis on the distribution of grain storage facility and transportation conditions, we concluded the principle for improving grain reserve distribution, the target value for improving grain reserve distribution on different grain production and consumption regions, different grain specials, and different storage facilities.The main research conclusion are as bellow:The target value for improving grain reserve in different regional distributions is to increase the grain quantity in major grain consumption regions and grain balance region while reducing the quantity in major production region.The target value for improving grain reserve in different storage facilities is to increase the reserve depots which have special railway and port or nearby public railway, to increase some mill and rice processing factory around big cities to store the national grain reserve.In order to achieve above target values, we suggest to improve the national grain reserve purchase methods, to shorten the storage periods of national grain reserve, to set up the new grain logistic system which is conjunct with grain reserve and processing, to set up the dynamic Geographic Information System (GIS) for grain reserve distribution, to select the right storage facility style for national reserve purpose.