Engels' Contributions To Materialistic Conception Of History In His Later Years

Materialistic Conception of History was co-founded by Marx and Engels, which kept struggling against Old Materialism and all kinds of Idealism from the beginning of its creation. Having experienced its founding, the proof and the application in Economics and Political Science, Materialistic Conception of History gradually developed, matured and perfected. By discussing the relationship between Materialistic Conception of History and Materialist Dialectics and with the Empirical Comparative,in the thesis we analysed the similarities and differences on the views of Materialistic Conception of History between Engels and Marx. It described Engels' innovation and development of Materialistic Conception of History on Leap of History, Theory of two kinds of Production,Historical Forces,Theory of the State,Ideological Theory in his later years, which further analysed its application, further innovation and development in the revolution and social construction. From multi levels and angles in Theory and Practice, History and reality, Macro and Micro levels, Engels launched the discussion of Materialistic Conception of History, which realized the unity of Nature, History and Social Values, and also embodied the dialectical unity of History Ontology, History Determinism and Historical Methodology. After the death of Engels, "Marx-Engels Issues "was a big debate in the theory circle, Bernstein's "Revisionism" distorted Marxism, he negated Materialistic Conception of History and thought aged Engels' Materialistic Conception of History deviated from Marx'; after "Western Marxism" Lukacs created analysed Marxism, "Opposition of Marx and Engels" and "Difference of Marx and Engels" were appeared. The debate and discussion of so-called "Marx Engels Issues" just precisely shows the strong vitality of Materialistic Conception of History. Marx' and Engels' academic thoughts in general are the same strain, the differences are only differences within the Marxist doctrine. Materialistic Conception of History attends to contemporary problems and practical issues, which is an open system with the times. Aged Engels' contributions to Materialistic Conception of History are left to us as the most precious wealth of ideas, it was not only the summary of Materialistic Conception of History and the experience of practice in the 19th, but also pointed out the direction of innovation and development of Materialistic Conception of History in the 20th, and continues leading the innovation and development of Materialistic Conception of History in the 21th. In the new era it continues guiding the construction of Harmonious Society like a bright beacon in China.