Research On Police System

Police system is the system concerning the allocation of police organization, distribution of management authority and provisions on police establishment of a state, the scientificalness and reasonability of which directly determines the efficiency of operation of police power. Police system in China was born out of and formed at revolutionary times and obtained development and growth at reform times, and formed in the middle 1980s of the last century systemic model characterized with unified leading, level management, combination of stripe and block and block as the main, with Chinese characteristics. This police system was formed at the times of transmission from planned economy to market economy in China, which viciously ensured absolute leading of the Party to police work, guaranteed unification between policy and order, implemented the principle of localized management on police work and gave full play to initiative and enthusiasm of local party committees and governments on maintenance of local public security. However, with the rapid development of Chinese economy, great changes have taken place in political and cultural system in China. On the one hand, rule by law, freedom and awareness of human rights awake, and running the government in accordance with law and building the government under the rule of rule has become the main objective of socialist society development in China. Accordingly, national administrative organs have carried out several reforms on organization and system and change of administrative functions and duties; comparatively speaking, police system is seldom essential touched. Obviously, the police system whose central task is to punish crime and maintain order is increasingly so difficult to adjust to current need of social development that planned and rational organizational reform is urgently required to actively counter social transition and raise efficiency of administrative organizations and implement the idea of rule by law and human rights. On the other hand, social public security is continually critical and safety sense of the mass is decreasing notwithstanding a series of traditional management means such as severe attack and special management, the application of such measures fails to effectively turn around the situation, the basic reason of which lies in that there is no corresponding and whole reform on police management system so as to adjust to new social situation.This paper, from the comparative analysis of the type of foreign police system and development tendency, intends to probe into the building of police system under the rule of law in China, by means of rational allocation of police functions and duties, provision on mechanism of police guarantee, optimization of establishment of police organization, scientific establishment of supervision system and operation model of police service, so as to have police power rationally restricted and scientifically applied, rather than purely pursue to control crime or maintain order but ignore the objectives of rule by law and human rights. The reform on police system in China must set out from Chinese actualities, follow overall objective of reform on political and economic system in China, adhere to the leading from the Party, and in the meantime refer to advanced ideas of reform on police service in foreign countries, such as modernization of police service, professionalization of the police and localization of public security, hoping to set up modern police system under the rule of law in conformity with Chinese actualities:firstly, to define allocation central and local functions and duties of police power, specify the boundary between police service activities and non-police service activities. Secondly, to strictly follow statutory principle, rationally formulate system establishment, optimize establishment mechanism of police force, reform disadvantage of police force allocation of "inverted triangle type", tamp police force at basic level, avoid excessive institutional departments and overstaff and entitle basic level with more autonomous power. Thirdly, to reform mechanism of police service, reform current criminal investigation system, and alarming mechanism and cooperation mechanism of police service, so as to raise work efficiency. And finally to improve mechanism of police supervision to ensure rational restriction and scientific operation of police power, so as to set up and improve modern police system under the rule of law in China in conformity with Chinese actualities on the whole by the reform of the aforesaid.