The Construction Of Democratic Administration

The relationship between democracy and administration is an subject which has been deeply discussed for a long time. Since the 1970s, Bureaucracy has been ceaselessly blamed as a gigantic threat to the democracy. These days in many countries, the wave of Administrative Reform has been risen, and in academics there is a big debate about Bureaucracy. How can the modern administrative state with its strong tendencies toward bureaucratic specialization, long tenure in office, and hierarchical decision making be reconciled with representative government? Why could the permanent civilians who are neither elected by people nor appointed by Superior get the power to authority distribution? How to rationalize and control administrative power? Which role should the administration play? These questions are the focuses which have been discussed by the academics all the time. In the grand course of the academic debate, there are theories about Reinventing Government, Refounding Public Administration, etc. Among them, the theory of Representative Bureaucracy is exactly corresponded to the value of democracy from New Public Administration and gives many precious advises on the construction of democratic administration, easing the tensions between the system of Bureaucracy and Democratic Administration. It is pointed by the theory of Representative Bureaucracy that the structure of the staff in bureaucratic system should get the feature of the social demography, which means the structure should contain all kinds of social groups and get passive representation, and then administrative agencies could get active representation and sufficiently represent the interests and prefers from all kinds of social groups to facilitate the realization of public interest in the end.In foreign countries, there are too many researches about Representative Bureaucracy, especially in America. However, in China the number of the research is so small. This paper first reviews the development of Representative Bureaucracy and then analyzes this theory's background, value and system design. Finally, the representation of Chinese Civil Service is the last research topic. The specific structure is as follows:First, this paper reviews the development of Representative Bureaucracy and introduces the main researches at home and abroad in recent years.Second, this paper discusses the relationship between Bureaucracy and Democratic Administration to introduce the background of Representative Bureaucracy.Third, this paper analyzes the value orientation of Representative Bureaucracy.Fourth, this paper describes the specific design of the system and comments passive representation and active representation.Finally, this paper takes a local perspective to speculate the implications of Representative Bureaucracy to Public Administration in China.