Analysis On Dilemma Of Emergency Management System And Its Solutions

The intension of emergency management system is comprised of three elements, i.e. the content of emergency management, the connotation of emergency management and the component factors of emergency management system. The content of emergency management is public crisis, a process instead of a single activity, which includes four organic connectional stages, that is, the prevention phase prior to the crisis, the confirmation phase when the crisis occurs, the processing stage during the crisis and the resumption stage after the crisis. The system of emergency management bears the weigh of setting up the emergency management organizations, and its functions inside the emergency management activities, and the affair management system and power implementation mechanism in accordance with the functions, which includes four elements: i.e. emergency management organizations, emergency management power, emergency management juristical rules and its operation mechanism. The Sino-US emergency management system stands in two entirely different developing period. They differ from each other obviously, especially in the degree of improvement and perfection of four component elements in the emergency management system. However, when they respond to the same natural disaster subordinating to the public crisis, they expose the similar problems, including the not-so-quick reaction of the emergency management organizations, the blocked circulation of emergency management operation, and the solo participation of emergency management. The problem does not exist as an individual case, and instead it is a common one, reflecting the inhere contradictions of emergency management system, which can be concluded as the dilemma of emergency management system. It includes the structural dilemma of setting up the emergency management organizations and power endowment and the ethical dilemma of its operation system, among which, the structural dilemma mainly reflects on the problem of administrative efficiency, while the ethical dilemma, also known as'Prisoner Dilemma'is resulted from the wait-and-see process of government policy maker. These dilemmas are caused by the contradiction existing between our conventional way of organization set up and peculiar character of public crisis. In order to solve the problem, a new concept must be led into; the'flexible'mode of organization set up and power endowment and the diversified participation under the theory of public crisis management, which provides beneficial reference to the perfection of our national emergency management system.