The Research On Chinese Government Anti-poverty Policy In Countryside

Poverty is one of the most challenging "3P_s"confronting all human societies. Since the opening and reform, China economy has developed very quickly. At the same time, the number of poor farmers in countryside decreased from 250 million in 1978 to 29 million in 2003. This forms the sharp contrast with the phenomenon which increases progressively by 10 million speeds every year in the world. Poverty includes absolute poverty and relative poverty. This article mainly research the condition of absolute poverty in countryside. The reasons which countryside absolute poverty occurs mainly have four factors: Social history factor, natural ecological factor, human quality factor, system environmental factor and so on. Because counter-poverty belongs to the non- exclusiveness, and the non-monopolistic public goods, so the government should be the leadership, the organizer and the superintendent in counter-poverty . Our China is the socialist countries, and must realize the commonenrichment-----the comprehensive realization well-off grand goal, We should not be andimpossible to neglect the massive impoverished population in our country. So our Chinese government needs to eliminate the number of absolute impoverished people, reduces the number of relative impoverished people.Although our country's helping the poor advancement has obtained the achievement which attracts worldwide attention since the reform and open policy, the our country countryside basic present poor situation fundamentally has not improved. It is as follows : absolute poverty coexists with relative poverty, the region poverty coexists with the social stratum poverty, the matter poverty coexists with the spirit poverty, the impoverished long-term characteristic coexists with the complexity. This results from many problems in the current our government countryside counter-poverty policy, such as low-income level excessively low, the region aiming mechanism appears the deviation, the contempt human capital investment, helping the poor investment leaking off rate is high, the helping the poor motion lacks non- official organization's and poor people participation and so on.Our country government mainly includes three major fund plans in the helping the poor: The financial helping the poor fund, the credit helping the poor fund, provides work as a form of relief the fund. These three funds have the efficiency in the use not to be high, andits helping the poor effect is also not obvious . Therefore our government must help the investment mechanism to carry on the innovation. The main mentality is as follows: The stipulation helping the poor resources paid use principle, we establish by the countryside credit association provides the jot loan the financial helping the poor mechanism, we establish investment in helping the poor the monitor and the appraisal system.This article reviews the research and practice about the anti-poverty in countryside and analyses poverty status and capital efficiency in countryside. The author evaluated the large-scale poverty relief measures by using the quantitative and qualitative methodology. At last, on the basis of such analysis , the thesis offers ten proposals for poverty alleviation rapidly in 21st century. The measures mainly have: The standard of helping the poor must enhance along with the economy level of development enhancement, approaching the international standard gradually; We should establish science and technology education system helping the poor mechanism to improve the human capital quality; We should organize and guide local poor people in the labor services exporting; The object aiming mechanism must face the poor farmers household directly; We should establish participation type helping the poor mechanism to improve the enthusiasm of poor people ; Initiates by the rural credit cooperative to promote the jot credit pattern vigorously, the solution production urgently needed fund; We should strengthen the fund investment management in the counter-poverty, improving use benefits ; We should establish scientific, highly effective, the coordinated helping the poor work mechanism, enhancing the working efficiency; We should establishes the strict surveillance mechanism, strengthening to the helping the poor work audit management; We should establish the countryside social security system, constructing the impoverished population life safety net.