Research On The Poverty Of Urban Dibao Children From The Perspective Of Multidimensional Poverty

With the rapid development of China's economy,Shanghai,as an international metropolis,has the highest level of economic development in the world.However,in the cities known as the "magic capital",some people still live a difficult life.Data released by the Shanghai Civil Administration show that there are still more than100,000 people enjoying the minimum living security in the city,of which the number of minors accounts for 19%.Although the current standard of urban minimum living security is fixed,in fact,the degree of distress of urban subsistence allowance children is different,and relying on urban subsistence allowances cannot truly meet the developmental needs of urban subsistence allowances.Different levels of assistance will be given according to the degree of distress of urban children with subsistence allowances.However,China's attention to poor children is still insufficient,so the study of child poverty is of great significance.The analysis of the plight of children in urban subsistence allowances also follows the development of the times.In this paper,the AF method proposed by Alkire and Foster in 2007 was used toanalyze the data of urban subsistence allowance children and their parents in Shanghai's M District Urban Minimum Living Guarantee.In the setting of indicators,this article refers to the indicators set by scholars at home and abroad during research.Combining the availability of data,the multidimensional poverty measurement in this paper is specifically divided into three dimensions of education,health and family,with a total of seven indicators.Including: parents' education level,including the health status of the parents(any party),whether there is a lack of guardianship,the employment status of the parents(any party),whether the parents(any party)are the household registration of the city,and the parents(any party)enjoy the minimum guarantee period.The multi-dimensional poverty measurement is used to analyze the plight of the urban subsistence allowance children.The urban subsistence allowance children with poverty in all dimensions less than or equal to 1 are classified as “ mildly impoverished children”;the cities with poverty on 2-4 indicators Divided children with subsistence allowances into "moderately distressed children" Divides urban children with subsistence allowances with five or more indicators into three types of "severely distressed children," based on socioeconomic factors,institutional and policy factors,and personal and family factors Analyze the poverty-causing mechanism of urban subsistence allowance children and their families.In terms of socio-economic factors,firstly,the education level of the subsistence allowance group cannot adapt to the current labor market;secondly,the current labor supply in the entire market is greater than the labor demand;and finally,the growing income gap leads to "the poor are getting poorer".In terms of system and policy factors,first,the current standard of relief for urban minimum living security is too low,and the minimum living security object can only maintain basic living conditions;second,the minimum living security system ignores the special needs of different types of poor families.The level of dilemma faced by children is also different,and a single standard of protection cannot well meet the needs of members.As far as individualand family factors are concerned,any one of the factors such as the employment status of members of the family,their physical health,and the occurrence of job burnout can lead to the emergence of child poverty.An analysis of the poverty-stricken mechanism of urban subsistence allowance children and their families can help us better assist the urban subsistence allowance children.Finally,the author analyzes the current shortage of children's social security,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions based on the overall analysis of the article.The current lack of children's social security is mainly due to the lack of distinction between levels of difficulties,the lack of meticulous "classified assistance",and the lack of specific protection items.The first step in the rescue is to differentiate the levels of children's plight,and to provide personalized services for children with different levels of plight.In addition,the “categorized assistance” work should be further refined,and each child should be treated as an independent individual.From the establishment of the Dibao file for them,gradually follow up their different needs at different stages and effectively help the urban dibao Children provide targeted professional services.A common problem faced by urban subsistence allowance children is that the employment situation of their parents is not optimistic.Therefore,we must focus on improving the employment situation and carry out employment training for family members of urban subsistence allowances from unemployed families who are employable.It is also necessary to actively assume social responsibilities to provide jobs for some of the urban subsistence allowance workers who are unable to find employment because of their physical health or low education;the government must also support employment through taxation policies.In addition to direct financial support from the government,non-profit social organizations can rely on the government and communities to provide services for urban subsistence children in the form of government-purchased services;relying on social organizations and social workers can better integrate resources,Linking resources for children with different needs can truly realize the "one child one solution" rescuemethod.Finally,we must continue to give full play to the value and philosophy of social work to promote the construction of grass-roots professional talents,so that social work professionals and social workers can shine in the poverty relief field.