Study On The Method For Measuring Enterprise Environmental Efficiency Based On LCA

The abundant productions have satisfied people's every kind of necessity and improved human living quality, while they have induced a series of environmental pollution problems at the same time. In fact, people had known the environmental polluting and ecosystem breaking problems had close relation with productions, but people mainly paid more attention to every kind of pollution materials which exhausted by the producing enterprises. So the mode of end disposal was facing pollution resource in the early period and it had played some positive functions. With the development of society, plentifulness of productions and contaminat increasing, the mode of end disposal can't satisfy the requirement of economy, resources and environment's sustainable development. Life Cycle Assessment, denoted by LCA, is used as a quantity technique support tool which acts as a kind of pollution prevention's environmental manage mode emerging with the tide of the society's development. In ISO14040's standard, LCA is definited as a set of systematic method which scales and measures the environmental effect, inputing and producing of materals and energy in the whole of productions and service's life cycle which directed with the function of productions and service. Following the theory structure of ISO140140, LCA is aparted into four sections, which are Definition Aim and Research Scope, Detailed List Analysis, Influence Evaluation and Life Cycle Explanation. Definition Aim and Research Scope The first step of LCA is identification and definition the scope of evaluation targaet. In fact, the definition of evaluation scope is identification the boundary of process and system which can clear and definite which is a link in the process or not. Because of economy and time, the investigation depth and wide degree can be adjusted according to demand and research target. In a concrete life cycle evaluation, the definition target is a process for again and again inquirying and practicing. Detailed List Analysis The second step of the LCA is detailed list analysis, which is constrcucted on the basement of step one. In this step, the input and output of every material, energy and every kind of pollutional material are all quantified. This is the beginning of life cycle evaluation quantitativeness and a key section. Its purpose is to obtain a concrete and clear and definite index parameter to caculate the environmental influence degree which affect the system or processes. Influence Evaluation Influence evaluation the third step. Life cycle evaluation is an influence analysis.Based on the Detailed List Analysis, the system and process's influence degree is quantified by every kinds of input and output of evaluation system and process. Influence evaluation can classify three steps, denoted as classification, characterization and quantitativeness. The character modle mentioned in this paper is equivalent modle. Life Cycle Explanation The fourth step of LCA is life cycle explanation. This stage is to explain the result and put forward the suggestion. Using the environment burthen and corresponding production income of every energy unite in life cycle assessment, every enterprise's environmental efficiencycan be caculated, and then using every enterprise's production as corresponding weight can obtain enterprises'environmental efficiency. Using the environmental efficiency of overall trade as benchmark, the enterprise lower than the benchmark is identified as main management enterprise and based on environmental influence exhause material can find out the main index of envirionmental management. The empirical example is the enterprises which product chlorination polypropylene in Liaoning province. We testify the uncertainty ratio relation of environmental exchange, environmental impaction and environmental burden and identify problemable enterprise using ratio character of environmental burden, and at last find out the main problem of problemable enterprise following the route of environmental bourden, environmental impaction and environmental exchange. The main innovation of this paper is following: 1) The usage of energy in influence classification is directely caculated by the total of fule energy and electronic input in the old LCA's model. We use the consumption of standard coal as consumption which is advantage in the standardlization and comparation of lateral data. 2) The LCA just evaluated environmental bourden before. We use environmental efficiency to connect the environmental bourden and economic revenues, conjoin the environmental protection with economic development in this paper. The efficiency use of LCA's result can provide more reliability information in constitusion of economic and environmental policy. 3) Using environmental efficiency, the technical method LCA become more available. The result of LCA's environmental bourden before can only compare the...