On The Legal System Of Raising Rural Social Insurance Funds

Raising rural social insurance funds is the most difficult problem of establing rural social insurance system. With the theory of law, economics, sociology, and the practice of country and peasant, this thesis probes into the principle, source, mode and means of raising the rural insurance funds. Basing on the briefly expatiating upon the particularity and the basic legal principle of raising the rural social insurance funds, we mainly discuss the funds source channel, the funds raising mode, the funds raising means. On the source of the funds, for the disadvantage that the rural social insurance funds largely come from the individual payment, we put forward the thoughts of pluralization, that is, rural social insurance funds should be raised via the state, the collectivity, the individual to provide the fund together, moreover, the proliferation of funds running, the exchanging between land and insurance, the social donation, the special national debt, the social insurance lottery, etc. Of all the mentioned items, we mainly talk about the paying obligation, capacity and means of the state, collectivity and peasant himself. Furthermore, we point out that the state should provide the fund directly, and the most of the providing should be used to support the midwest rural social insurance in order to compensate the lacking payment of the collectivity and the individual. With regard to the peasant individual payment, multiway such as cash and farm product should be admitted according to the trait of the peasant group nowadays. Meanwhile, due to the different capacity of collectivity in different areas, we specify the obligation partaking of the state, collectivity and individual as follows: (1) providing the funds by three sides (the state, the collectivity, and the individual); providing the funds by two sides (the state and the individual), (2) providing the funds by collectivity and individual; providing the funds by the local government, collectivity and individual. These two patterns are applied separately in the midwest countries and the littoral developed countries. On the mode of raising funds, we put forward compound mode to meet the practical situation of the country: the mode of the rural cooperative medical care should be pay-as-you-go, while the mode of the rural social pension insurance should be the combination of part accumulation and entire accumulation. On the means of raising funds, we think providing the funds is the main way to raise rural social insurance funds, yet the way of paying security tax is not suitable for the moment.