Study On Community Care Of Old People In China

Our country has come into the aging society. The problem of taking care of old people is becoming increasingly serious. Both the traditional institutional and family care of old people becomes problematic. However, community care of old people, which combines institutional and family care of old people, is becoming a promising choice. The paper does a lot of research on community care of old people and finally offers some suggestions for promoting the development of community care of old people.Community care of old people is based on several theories, including welfare pluralism, social embedding, polycentric governance, and new public service. It is possible for old people to live in their familiar community and even at their home while getting professional care and service from old-age care institutions. Besides, government has been carrying out community care of old people in some cities. More and more people begin to realize its importance and necessity. Community care of old people is now becoming the preferred choice for old people.This paper compares the modes of several main representative cities both in China and foreign countries. Pudong district of Shanghai outsources community services to non-governmental organizations (NGO); Guangdong province has several modes, including community service center, private pension agency, star home of old people and property management company; The modes of Binhai district of Tianjin includes "service voucher" timing pattern, the bell of love helping agreement, extend agency services-virtual nursing home for the aged, and so on. Besides, by comparing with the community care of old people modes of foreign countries, such as America, England and Japan, we can improve our own mode on a few aspects:government dominating, community assistance, exploiting all resources, building professional serving teams, and marketizing community service.Through the comparison of different modes of community care of old people both inside and outside our country, we find out a few problems in the modes of our country:Firstly, it is hard to obtain financing. Secondly, laws and regulations are imperfect. Thirdly, the offered service is simple. Fourthly, the community service facilities are inadequate. Finally, there is a large lack of professional nursing staff. To deal with the above problems, we propose several suggestions:Government establishes relevant laws and regulations; Government creates new financing models; Government gives policy support to encourage new modes that combine the public welfare and business of nursing home; Expand the service coverage and enrich the service content; Improve the community service facilities; Construct long-term care and insurance system; Raise plenty of professional nursing staff.At the last chapter of this paper, we study the trend of development of community care of old people in our country-urban-rural integration. Besides, we conceive two modes of urban-rural integration of community care of old people:"progressive unity" and "stair-like". Finally, we point out that raising peasants’ income is an important approach to achieve urban-rural integration of community care of old people.