From "Yan NaiWu Case" To See Through Late Qing Dynasty Ills Of The Judicial System

Late Qing Dynasty occurred so-called "four major surprised case". "Yang Nai-wu and Xiao Bai-zai" is a case which shocked people at the time. For over a century, the case was spread widely by novels, dramas, films and other art forms, not only because of its complicated and a "story" of strong, but also because of the case's turned continuously, unexpected. Therefore, this article used the case as a basic point of studying late Qing Dynasty justice system, in order to analyse the ills of the late Qing Dynasty justice system and the reason of ills.The article have three parts in the main structure , the first part presents the case of"Yang Nai-wu".This chapter describes the process that Yang Nai-wu and Bi Xiu-gu(Xiao Bai-zai) were put to the torture in hearing process for the death suddenly of Bi Xiu-gu's husband. As previously Yuhang's county Liu Xi-tong and Yang Nai-wu had contradiction, together with the impact of rumor and the errors of forensic, thus Liu Xi-tong on subjective found Yang and bi had relation with the death of Ge pin-lian. Stay up all night interrogation to obtain confessions, Liu Xi-tong gave the files that Yang and Bi killed Ge Pin-lian to Hangzhou, a district magistrate Chen Lu. Chen Lu, Zhejiang Anchashi Kuai He-sun ,Zhejiang govermor Yang Chang-jun and imperial official Hu Rui-lan had not carefully review and viewed that fact has been clear, the judge that Yang Nai-wu and Bi Xiu-gu should be summarily executed were reported to court. If they got the sanction ,Yang and Bi would be summarily executed.At this time, Yang Nai-wu's family went to make an appeals twice, some of Zhejiang's gentry in Beijing and some ministers gave some books to court and requested a retrial case. Thus, the Ministry of Punishment from imperial instruction in 1876 in Beijing Hai hui-si had a postmortem examination,...