| Three problems about countryside, agriculture and farmers are important problems in our country. The success or failure of these problems to be solved directly relates to the success or failure of the socialist cause. The development of rural basic level democratic politics is the most important problem of three problems about countryside, agriculture and farmers and its actual effect of operation has an important impact on the political operation of the entire national. But in the concrete operation of practice, the construction of rural democratic politics was subjected to restriction and hindrance from various sides. It didn't reach the theoretical and expected effects. Surely, the reasons are various, including not only economics, system and organization but also culture. But tracing the source, the deep-seated reason why the development of the rural democratic politics encounter so many problems is the impact of traditional political culture. In fact, traditional political culture doesn't only influence the development and operation of the entire rural democratic politics, but each villager's behavior in the political system. Therefore, taking account of our country with a large agricultural population, I think it means a lot to study the rural traditional political culture in the basic level democratic construction to contemporary China.From the concepts of political culture and traditional political culture on, this article focuses on the analysis of the traditional political culture that is hindering the development of China's rural basic level democratic politics, thus proposes the main goals and the methods of the modernization of China's rural political culture. This paper is divided into four parts:The first part is on the reason to select the topic and the present situation about the research and the significance of this research.The second part is the definition of the concepts of the political culture and the traditional political culture.Draw lessons from the understanding of the scholars in home and abroad to political culture, this paper defines political culture as: Political culture is the integration of the political attitudes and the political values which have a major impact on people's political behavior and the operation of political system and which are accumulating relatively stably in the psychological level of people. This paper defines traditional political culture as: Traditional political culture is the integration of the political attitudes and the political values which formed in past society, which have had a major impact on political life so far after a long process of political socialization, which are accumulating relatively stably in the psychological level of people and which are the psychological base of political system and political life.The third part is on traditional political culture that is affecting the rural basic level democratic politics, its bases of existence and the impact on the rural basic level democratic politics.Based on the concept of traditional political culture, this part analyses the traditional political culture that hinders the development of the rural basic level democratic politics. The traditional political culture that is hindering the development of the rural basic level democratic politics is: The consciousness of clan, the concept of mundane affairs, the idea of man's governing, the complex of power-oriented and official position -oriented and the affection of the alienation to political affairs. The bases on which this traditional political culture can form and continue are: small-scale peasant economy, the clan system, Confucian culture and certain social and political structure. The impacts of traditional political culture on the rural basic level democracy are: it restraints the consciousness of peasants' political entities and the act of peasants' participation; it makes the clan forces interfere the vote and the village politics and weaken the authority of the formal organization; it makes the formal political rules of countryside operate badly and the state's will implement ineffectively.The fourth is about the goals and the main methods of the modernization of Chinese rural political culture. Based on the third part, this part brings up the goals, they are the citizen-oriented political culture, the rule by law-oriented political culture and the democracy-oriented political culture and the methods, they are to develop the market economy, to strengthen the political socialization, to reform the household registration system, to set up the economic and political organizations of peasants, and to perfect the villager autonomy system. |
