The Research About The Educational Rights Of The Transient Peasants' Children

Since 1980's, with the continual progress of reform and open as well as the establishment of socialist market economy, our country's economy has been got rapid development. Meantime, traditional agricultural structure has been disintegrated, the industry and city have been developed greatly, so many surplus peasants poured into non- agricultural sectors in cities.After 1990's, "The second Transient population" have presented new trend. The most obvious point is more and more peasants chose the whole family's migration. That means if the husbands have steady job in city, they will help their wives and sons live in city. So their children have been increased. In 1982, the transient population is 30million, 1995 is 5000 million, the fifth population census in 2000 show the transient population is over 100 million. According to the data published by the state Statistic Bureau, the transient population is 147 million, including 4779 million trans-regional people. Another material published in 2006 revealed there is an unprecedented and the largest scale population migration.To some extent, the peasants' migration can help to solve the livelihood of surplus peasants and promote the grow of urban economy. But the peasants' migration also brings negative influence. How the transient population's children to enjoy educational rights is knotty problem.Now, as the second transient population, the transient children are in the compulsory education stage. It also the best time to socialization in cities. These children will study in middle-schools and enter employment market. If they can't get excellent education as well as fair chance, and can't successfully merge in urban life, there will be hidden trouble in their life. We can draw lessons from American scholars:"The first migrant population can accept unfair educational state because of the comparison between cities and countryside. That means maybe they are discriminated in cities, but their current conditions have improved greatly, so their sense of unfair will descend. However, the second migrant population is on the opposite side. They don't have the past life experience and lack the satisfaction as their father's generation. On the contrary, they feel more prejudice and all kinds of biases. The transient children expect to upgrade in society as urban residents. With this psychological push, they usually fight for rights and express angry through some fierce actions.So, solving the transient children's education appropriately as well as making them accepting excellent education not only can carry out the scientific development viewpoint, but also contribute to build a harmonious society. At present, the transient children's education state is not optimistic. When they are in the compulsory education stage, many of them don't receive the proper education. They are compelled or initiate to give up this opportunity. At the same time, although many children have accepted education, they can't be treat equally in school. This unfairness will deepen their sense of discrimination and oppression which maybe lead to the gap between the rich and the poor, and threaten the stability of society.