Marx's Thoughts Of Political Liberty And The Inspiration Of Constructing Chinese Political Civilization

Marx's thoughts of political liberty came into being in the nineteenth century in a stormy or unstable situation. The so-called political liberty is a kind of self-reliance and a state of self-determination that people developed in the social political life, and one kind of appropriate harmonious relationship between the individual citizen and the social control.The birth and the development of those Marx's thoughts of political liberty are consistent with his entire theories. The young Marx confutes forcefully to the feudalist oppressors about liberty of remarks and press, and freedom of will. While being faced with the oppressors and the later bourgeoisie exploiters, Marx felt"talk freedom for the sake of talking it"can't solve the freedom of the needy people, so he lay the question of how to inspire for freedom onto the methods of how to get the real freedom in his later continuous development of his theories. He has analyzed the relation between the individual and the economic country, through which he has found the social class and the real free road the poor people can take: that is revolution through overthrowing the economic base on which oppressors rely for existence. Only on the economic equality can the poor people gain their true freedom. At his old age, Marx again attached importance to the freedom of politics and the liberty of remarks and press, reaffirmed some of his early thought, especially, criticized the little free damaging action within the workers.After considering the entire theories of Marx and his contents and attributes of free political thought, we can conclude as follows: first the scientific humanistic outlook, namely the common human right that man should get as a man himself and the social rights that man should get as a social animal. The scientific humanistic outlook is just the combination of these two rights; second a right individual and social outlook, namely it emphasizes the mutual concern between the individual and the nation and the significance of the free expression of will. Marxian political free thought demonstrated a thorough and practical political free thought and the free politics is the unity of spiritual activities and practices and it should be based on the economic equality, and it is classified and characterized by class constraint.The Marx's thoughts of political liberty are significant to the political civilization construction of our country. This is not only because the socialism compared to capitalism can promote more development of productivity, but also because socialism would create higher political civilization than capitalism. So in today's political civilization, we should not only first energetically expand the democracy and ensure the people to be the real master of their country, but also improve the system of democratic elections; and reinforce the setup of the legal system, thus build up country ruled by law. We should ensure the expression right of our citizens and finally promote the degree of free politics. Second we would push forward development of citizen society, and foster the citizens with modern consciousness. While appealing for the free politics, we are not at contradiction with the leadership of the Party. Party is not just but should be the mainstay in the modernization drive of our country and only under the powerful leadership of Party, modernization can be completed, and to raise political liberty degree of our county can be possible.