A Superficial Research On The Immanent Logic Of Rousseau’s Freedom Thought

Liberty is an ancient and forever young problem.It runs through the wholedevelopment of human society.Rousseau is a great thinker in human history.Hisphilosophical ideas have influenced the whole world.When Rousseau encountered theliberty,he become the most controversial thinker in the history of human.His libertythought was argued by people since its birth,and has continued to modern.On the one hand, Rousseau affirms that the man’s liberty is primitive, inborn, goodand legitimate. On the other hand,he regards that man lives without liberty in reality.The man lives in paradox of “ought to be” and “to be”. This is attributed to social eviland that man abuses his reason. That cause the inequality and man’s alienation. Andthese cause that man lives without of himself, as a salve. Therefore, Rousseauconcluded that liberty is a state of someone being his own master and being withinhimself. Its manifestation is equality. Rousseau research liberty from logical beginningof natural liberty. He shows that for liberty and equality, man must overturn the societyand then institute a government by social contract. So it can break the society evil andthe inequality of right, property and even spirit. At the same time, the liberty also is themoral liberty. Thus,there are three states of the liberty：the natural liberty, the politicalliberty and the moral liberty.The natural liberty, which is inborn follows the naturalpositive passions of pity. The political liberty which is the base of equality follows thegeneral will, and its essence is that citizens share the Sovereignty equally. The moralliberty by which man lives within himself is self-discipline of the will and obeys the lawof conscience.