Of Collective Land Ownership

China is a traditional agricultural country, and whether agriculture is steady and agriculture could develop concern the national long-term stability and development. Protecting peasants' legitimate rights and interests, solving issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers conscientiously are national problems in need of solutions. Choosing a kind of rational property relations is key to the problems. This text starts with historical changes and realistic problem of the national rural land ownership system, to confirm the overall scheme of the reform, and point out that collective ownship is a rational choice. It's on the basis of analyzing and comparing several kinds of main theories, drawing lessons from joint right of the common law, determining the nature of this proprietorship, and merging with practice of villager's autonomy together organically, therefore it has strong feasibility. This text also start with the innovation of national farmland employing system, regarding rights of contracting and managememt of land as the core, and probe into the public-owned way of realization. It points out the value orientation of the system reform according to the economics theory first, and points out the certainty of the real right way, consulting the traditional usufruct type, combining the reality of our country, and proposes the concrete thinking of the real right transformation further, so the research in this text has certain significance for distinguishing collective land property right, protecting peasant's interests, and boost agriculture development.