On Schmitt's The Theory Of Political Legitimacy

Schmitt, scholars and the public is the twentieth century influential ideology and controversial jurist, ideologist. In the last sixty years of academic creation process, the influence of Weimar, especially in its "constitutional government" period, a series of ideas and opinions of modernity, enlightenment is of profound significance. The overseas research of writings have swing, the home also shows ascendant trend. The research about Schmitt, in the whole world, is so prosperous just because political, legal, etc to be very unique understanding to Schmitt; his understanding also profoundly reveals modern society that human's inevasible survival and the modern nation-state, political survival facing difficult to solve the difficulties. All these facts and difficulties in Schmitt, seems to understand how political produced very close to connection, so, how to understand just as how to understand the political relationship to what we live in the modern society, and also can understand human social historical process, including the so-called nowadays predicament and critical modernity.Schmitt, most representatives political a view is divided "the enemy or friends" and democratic regime. Revolution as the symbol of modernity means that political events of traditional theocratic or end of ancient authorities, namely the new revolution regime to god or can be legitimate basis of metaphysics. Since all types of political system are not "natural" but "human", since all political authority will be questioned, all need to justify their political legitimacy, and then the problem will become the core issue of political philosophy. This paper points to discuss three Schmitt, political legitimacy of questions:In the first chapter, we focused on political legitimacy of historical origin and development process, and the political legitimacy foundation of legitimacy and regulate levels of significance. Political legitimacy in his politics have been expounded in the traditional ruling legitimacy, is in the moral level for yourself, and usually seek "absolute" or natural law theory as the base, and with the development of modernity, the question has become the modern political legitimacy of how to justify their plight. Theory, Schmitt, put forward the question is trying to solve this dilemma.Chapter 2 is the main part of the thesis. We tried to political legitimacy of Schmitt, the theory of comprehensive explanation. Should say Schmitt, Roman Catholic Church to return to the political reform of modern politics, prevent modern politics is neutral to political and danger. Schmitt, insist that freedom and democracy with traditional political, first political legitimacy is still the problem. The traditional religious belief and legitimacy of failure, new secularization religion, and produced the dominant country to politics. Thus, Schmitt, inherited from the traditional theology "original sin" doctrine, and from the perspective of political theology, understanding the political theology and link together, for us to understand and political provides beneficial inspirations. Because political theology is as its theoretical basis, the building that Schmitt, who will risk is not changed -- who is god implanted hostility between the human nature, the fight between people is part of the sacred order.Understand the legitimacy of political legitimacy and legitimacy requires from this category to clear the relationship of political legitimacy. Schmitt, appears in the constitution, the legitimacy of legitimacy is the god, or to the problem of the relationship between the world and behind. Therefore, Schmitt, although distinguish legitimacy, but for him since political religion has irretrievably lost, modern political legitimacy is doomed, each may have no specific national wishes to become a real political existence must decide for himself, he who is and who is the enemy.In chapter 3, we will Schmitt, political legitimacy "problems" in this context of modernity, political legitimacy, actually is modernity. In contemporary political philosophy, whether left or right from the legitimacy of Schmitt, seek for its theoretical basis. Schmitt, and from the political theology in to the concept of politics, of political discussion has been accompanied by contradictions, namely the legitimacy of political democracy itself, or beyond the contradictions of political legitimacy (higher) and the legitimacy of political democracy (inner contradiction between). However, in this Schmitt, under the contradiction of determination is: from the national political royalty political legitimacy of transfer process, "human" legitimacy is the deciding factor.