A Study Of Political Trust During The Transition Period

Since time immemorial,"trust" has been valued as an interaction model in China,which is not only reflected in the interpersonal communication of social life,also in the political life and national construction field.A series of investigations show that the political system of China has had a very high level of trust from the public since the eighties and nineties in the last century.However,it also shows that there has been a comparatively high proportion of trust loss in the local and central government,and the trust in the central government is higher than that of the local government.There are many researches on the political trust of China,but the researches from the perspective of social transformation are few.In this paper it is argued that the urban-rural binary segmentation situation has been broken by the market reform in the transition period,which leads to a large number of rural population flowing into cities to find jobs and the population and social structure changing.All of these may have a big impact on the existing political order.Therefore,it is attempted to study the impact of social change to the political trust in the background of a large amount of migrants emerging and especially the loss of political trust in the process.Specifically,I focus on two topics in paper:one is the political trust level diversity in the different types of population caused by the segmentation of household registration system and population migration,such as farmers,migrant workers,rural population and urban origin residents;another one is affecting factors and mechanism of different levels of political trust in different types of people.In the course of the study,I use the 2010 China general social survey,the 5th wave the World Values Survey and many other national survey datas to compare groups,to study the political trust in different types of people,the factors and mechanism which affect the trust of the local government,high-class government and trust loss of government from three perspectives of institutional exclusion,urban concepts and institutional legitimacy respectively.The study found as follows:Firstly,fanmers,local migrant workers,migrant workers,rural residents who become urban residents and urban people are significantly different in the different levels of political trust.(1)In the political system of trust,trust of farmers and local migrant workers is significantly higher than that of urban residents.Migrant workers did not differ significantly with rural residents who become urban residents and urban residents;(2)the central government trust of the other types of population were significantly higher than that of urban residents;(3)the local government trust of migrant workers and peasants population is significantly lower than that of urban residents,and at the same time there is no significant difference between the farmers and local rural migrant workers and urban residents;(4)the political staff trust can be divided into different types such as the trust of the political elite,party and government leading cadres and other clerks.Analysis shows that the political staff trust of farmers is significantly higher than urban residents,other types of population does not differ significantly with urban residents.Overcoming sample selectivity bias in migration workers and the rural residents who become urban residents,the results showed that the central government trust of the local migrant workers is significantly lower than that of farmers,the trust in the political system and the central government of the migrant workers is significantly lower than that of farmers;the trust in political system and the central government of the rural residents who become urban residents in is significantly lower than the agricultural household population.Secondly,considering the trust in the local government of migrant workers is significantly lower than that of urban residents,this paper takes the household registration segmentation as independent variables,and take institutional performance,social capital and equity damage as the intermediary variables to analyse the trust in the local government between the migrant workers and urban residents(including non-agricultural population and urban residents).The results show that(1)there are significant differences between the migrant workers and urban residents in institutional performance,social capital and equity damage.There is an obvious social inequality between them;(2)Occupation status,family income and subjective government as three institutional performance variables have cover effects between the segmentation of household registration and local government trust.Namely through controlling these three institutional performance the difference of local government trust between the migrant workers and urban residents is not reduced but extended;(3)Social trust,formal organization activities and participation of civil society groups has a mediating effect on the relationship between household segmentation and local government trust,these control variables can reduce the difference in the local government trust;(4)Impairment of rights and interests has mediating effect between the two.Overall,confidence in of the local government migrant workers is significantly lower than that of urban residents.The reason is that migrant workers suffered the institutional exclusion and many social inequalities.Thirdly,according to the political trust and institutional trust in central government has obvious urban-rural differences in characteristics,this paper from the city's social perspective,analysis the concept city in the urban and rural resident population of high-level political trust differences in the regulatory role.The analysis found that:(1)the city environment in shaping people's ideas indeed played a certain role,migrant workers,rural population and city residents and city residents than the resident farmers in rural areas is more independent,yearning for freedom,aversion to inequality and more to participate in politics;(2)independent personality and values,personal freedom social conflict,social inequality and political cognitive attribution,government service factor,people's political action effectiveness factor has significant negative influence on the political system of trust and trust of the central government,tax consultation,political factor acquisition efficiency and effectiveness suggest political influence has a significant positive impact on the political system of trust and trust of the central government regulation;(3)analysis shows that(?)ust in the political system,independent personality,individual freedom.social cognition,social conflict Attribution of political equality,political suggestions efficiency and political influence efficiency of urban-rural population political trust differences exist significant regulatory role;(4)in the central government trust.independent personality,social cognitive conflict,social inequality,the political attribute,government service business people factor,political action efficiency and political influence efficiency of rural-urban population of central government trust differences exist significant regulatory role.In other words,the urban concept caused by the modern urban environment makes the city-rural population of high-level political trust has produced a difference,the city resident population is more critical.Fourthly,in view of the high trust and the loss of government trust in Chinese political system,this paper examines the relationship between cultural concept,conflict of interest and political trust from the perspective of institutional legitimacy.The analysis results show that:(1)the traditional political culture.the modern view of prosperity and contemporary ideological propaganda have a significant positive impact on the trust of the political system,the central government and the civil service system.Interaction analysis shows that these factors on different types of political influence as the population does not exist significant differences;(2)The rise of negative factors such as perception of income inequality,government injustice and mass incidents experience will lead to that people are more inclined to trust in the central government more or have no trust in the central government.The use of the Internet is increasing,which will lead to that people tend to choose not to trust the central government.The interaction analysis shows that the impact of these factors does not have significant differences in the trust choice of different types of people.Finally,through the experience,this paper discusses the traditional based on legitimacy and modernity tension of the household registration control,in which the enhancement of civic associations to political trust action was inhibited by the exclusion of household registration.The modern concept leads to that urban people are more critic than farmers.Social changes lead to interest conflicts and the diversification of the Internet.These factors are challenges to the legitimacy of the regime.In addition,the article also discusses the shortcomings of the existing Chinese political trust research.