The Research For U.S.A Export Control Institutions Of Technology

In the background of economic globalization, the information technology, especial the hi-technology become the important motivation for national power. Every country wants to make good use of this information revolution. Therefore, no matter the developed countries or the developing countries, pay great attention to their own hi-technology's growth. With the development of global economic and international trade, more and more technological export has happened in the world. Every country attaches importance to the improvement of law institutions of the technological export management. The developed countries, for instance, U.S.A, who takes a safe lead in hi-technology, often make good use of its technological advance to impose political pressure to developing countries, who are in an urgent need for hi-technology to hi-technology to advance their national economical structure. U.S.A does the most export in the world, its law institutions of the export control is nearly perfect but strict. It not only carries on unilateral export control, but also cooperates with other developed countries in technological export control.This article is composed of seven parts, which has more than thirty thousand letters in total.The fist part is for fundamental theory, including : the historical evolution of U.S.A export control legislation, which is composed with three phases; International cooperation in export control, such as coordinating committee for export control; the fundamental principles of U.S.A export control , such as the principles of national security, diplomacy policy, shortage of materials.The second part is in research for administrative departments of U.S.A export control. The departments are complex, including state department, commerce department, treasure department and so on. It also particular set forth the functions of the departments.The third part is for U.S.A export licensing system, including the kinds of export licenses and the procedural and substantial inspections for technology of export. Export licenses classify with general licenses, validated licenses and special complex licenses. It is necessary to inspect the technology for export in procedure and material.The forth part is for country differentiate management system and commerce export control list. U.S.A take discriminate in technological export management, treat different countries in different ways. It is mainly according to the export control list to judge the export need to apply for general license or validated license. It can be finally ascertained that whether a license is needed, with the export control list and country discrimination management system.The fifth part is for re-export management of technological data. U.S.A not only takes a strict measure in direct export of technology, but also is strict in re-export. This part definite the meaning of the re-export of technology, and illustrate the management system of re-export.The sixth part is in research for the evolution of U.S.A export control to China and its reasons. It includes three evolution phases and two fundamental reasons.The seventh part is for countermeasures and references of China. It compared the technological export control institutions between U.S.A and China.The research for U.S.A law institutions of technological export control is not in a large number, this article purposes to make an investigation to the U.S.A law institutions of technological export control, in order to study the advance and make a help for improving the technological export management institutions of our own country.