Re-study Of Trend Of Thought In Evolution In Morden China

The theory of evolution as an external scientific thought received people's welcome as soon as it spread to China in the modern times.It became mainstream ideological trend in China around these 20 years from Reform Movement of 1898 to May 4th Movement.Just as the famous scholar Chen Xulu once pointed out: There are two theories which have great effect on Chinese realm of ideology around dozens years before May 4th Movement.One is the evolutionism,one is theory of contract.The former has met the needs of saving the nation from subjugation and ensuring its survival,objecting to imperialism with the theory of struggling for existence;The latter has met the needs of requiring equality and objecting to feudal despotism.The spread of two theories is an important sign that distinguishes the previous and modern Chinese on ideology with important"The advanced intellectual from reformists to revolutionary group then to the May Fourth Movement period is immersed in evolutionism all without exception.The thinker at that time proceeding from need of saving the nation from subjugation and ensuring its survival made new understanding and explanation to the evolutionism thought and crossed and mergeed each other with the traditional thought to achieve the goal of enlightment of thought.The evolutionary and progressive idea which contains in the evolutionism become the important component of compatriot's world outlook at that time and even afterwards.But the evolutionism and斯宾塞social evolutionism expose their defective and weak point day by day while they propagate in Chinese society,thus replaced by historical materialist conception of history, having offered the thought foundation for the spread of Marxism in China.The essay adopts the basic way of dialectical materialism and historical materialism which conducts research into the formulation,development,a variation and influence of evolutionism.Part one,narrate the formulation and development of the evolutionism in Western countries and spread course in China.Part two, analyze why the evolutionism is popular in Chin and why it changes constantly.Part three,describe the relation between evolutionism and three great political ideological trends aiming at the modern Chinese social state.Part four,do a relatively objective appraisal of the positive and negative effect of the evolutionism.