The Comparative Study On Laws Preventing The Invasion Of Oceanic Alien Species By Ships' Ballast Water-Legislation,Tendency And Countermeasures

The ballast water discharged by the ships engaged in the international shipment has brought the problem of invasion of oceanic alien species increasingly. A few developed countries such as Australia, New Zealand and US have legislate to solve the problem, and IMO have adopted International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments in 2004. China faces the same problem, so we need to legislate properly as our legislations and measures are not so perfect. This thesis aims to summarize laws of above three countries and the Convention by means of comparative research, then make and perfect the laws to prevent the invasion of oceanic alien species by ballast water based on China's characteristic.This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is overview, in which the author analyzes some concepts in relation to prevention of invasion of oceanic alien species, raises necessity to legislate in the field and analyzes the general idea of international laws and national laws on ballast water. The second chapter is comparative research, in which the author adopts comparative method to analyze some chosen systems including management system, ballast water management plan system, report system, record system and punishment system. The third chapter is tendency of laws, in which the author summarizes tendency of laws on ballast water. The fourth chapter is countermeasures, in which the author analyzes status quo on laws on ballast water and discovers some problems. On the base of the third chapter, the author raises some countermeasures by using international laws and other countries'laws as reference, with a view to do good to the laws to prevent the invasion of oceanic alien species.