Historical Changes Of The Legal System Of Bahrain

The law system is an important symbol to weigh civilization. Islamic law is one of the huge impact law systems in the medieval and contemporary time. Bahrain is an Islamic law country, and its legal system is a very special type in the Gulf and the whole Arabic world. It will be useful for us to understand the process of Islamic law in the medieval and modern history better, and see the Gulf's society, politics and modernism, by studying the changes of Bahrain's legal system in the history.In the history, Bahrain has been controlled by many countries, and there are different legal system cultures in different periods. Bahrain's legal system appeared in the Safavid Dynasty in the 16th century. Bahrain Twelver Shiite jurists controlled the administration and legal system. The A1 Khalifa arrivaled to Bahrain in 1782. They relied on Maliki sect instead of Twelver Shiite in order to be the major legal thought, and established the Sharia Sunni court, Sharia Shia court, Salifat A1-Goas and Al Majilis Al Urfi. In tribes, Shaikh used the tribal customary law to arbitrate the tribal problems. Shiite and Sunni citizens could go to their own court searching for the justice. At the same time, British colonist came to Bahrain and established the agent court, the joint court, bringing new legal view to Bahrain and making Bahrain step to legal system modernism. After Bahrain independence, the policy of "Arabizing of law" has been published. Islamic law had developed in Bahrain according to Egyptian Code, and employed Egyptians to make new court system; the origin of law has been pluralism; arbitration system has been connected with the world. The modernization type of Bahrain law system has shown pluralism of theory form and cultural orientation.In this dissertation, by employing a method of combining narration with argumentation, I conducted a systematic research on the changes and reasons about during the process of Bahrain's four histories on the basis of the lots of documents about countries, and made analysis law system' process during these periods. Finally, I summed up the characters of Bahrain's law system and problems entirely.