Fu Shan's Thoughts Of Political Ethics

Chinese feudal autocratic centralized which lasted about more than two thousand years monarchy between the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty reached peak. People with lofty ideals in the time gave a fierce resistance and criticism from different angles on the extreme authoritarian, and a group of thinkers,such as Li Zhi, Huang Zongyi, Gu Yanwu, Fu Shan and other man-made progress thinkers, appeared, which fought against the feudal autocratic monarchy and the feudal ethical as a kind of critical thought. Fu Shan, in its struggle against indomitable in the face of fierce criticism of the feudal autocracy, formed his own "strength of character heresy", and impacted of the future generations.From the 80's of the 20th century on, scholars at home and abroad had a multi-faceted study on Fu Shan, which related to medicine, calligraphy, Buddhism, Taoism and other fields, but it is less in the ideological aspects of literature and publishing, which mainly concentrated in a series works written by Mr. Wei Zongyu in Shanxi University. And this research mainly focused on the aspects of sociology and political science, but has fewer studies in the perspective of ethics.In view of this, this article attempts to research from the perspective of ethics, searches Fu Shan's ethical implication of the political thinking in depth, and explains his historical background systematically, theoretical sources and the main content, which hopes to gain some enlightenments to today's society.Fu Shan's thoughts embodied the pursuit of freedom, equality, attention to the lower, the "privatation" of common people and the positive factors such as personal interests, which helps the party and the government to build political ethics an important reference of the "people-oriented, serving the public and governing for the people". The author of the study is interested in this topic.Fu Shan's thoughts of political ethics have wide historical background and a deep theoretical basis. During the period of Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Chinese feudal society of centralized autocratic monarchy reached the peak, the rapid development of commodity economy called for the birth of the anti-feudal exploitation of the public sectors, and the absolute monarchy and anti-critical ethical thoughts of Neo-Confucianism, appeared, which were the political, economic, and cultural backgrounds of the Fu Shan's political ethics thoughts. After Fu Shan studied many thinkers'thoughts, formed the "availability of reunification" of the simple materialism materialist monism gas. Fu Shan philosophy laid the ideological foundation of the universe, such as the "person-day service" and the "gas ahead of thought".Fu Shan political ethics includes the main elements of thoughts:"of the self as a natural theory of human nature. Fu Shan lays his gas monism on the concept of Qi to perform human nature, natural, eulogize the true, frank, and be angry against the servility tacky, formed the "Reasonable human desire"--the concept of Reason and Desire. Fu Shan cited "the theory of anomalies" to lash out at the asceticism of Science, put forward natural human desire to view justification. He put forward the concept--"Evil in the right" of political ethics of "good and evil". Fu Shan believes that the rationale is also divided into good and evil and that it is the transformation between good and evil, and to some degree, evil may extent in the development of society has played a role in promoting social development, which is evil in the rational and "ceremony" with the "World", "death" of opposition to the old political ethics, decency and propriety. Fu Shan thinks that as a result of social history in the development of ethics is changing, so the ceremony can not be eternal existence, and the "World Funeral" is inevitable. He gave "San Gang" a sharp criticism and formed the thoughts of "Equality", "love people" of the New Citizen. Fu Shan was against autocracy to promote people-Jun equality, equality of adults with the villains. Starting from the idea of equality, Fu Shan promoted "public" anti-feudal democratic ideological characteristics.Fu Shan's Political Ethics have the effect for China's socialist political ethics to build an important reference. He defined the the equality of Jun public ethics,such as "reasonable natural human desire," "recognition of the public private", "Trade and Industry are of the" People thought, "non-jun," "non-princely" and "not a matter" which helps respectively China to establish "people-oriented" concept of governance, strengthen the socialist democratic supervision, protect and improve the livelihood of the people the idea of providing a valuable resource. In their efforts to build a people-centered, attention to people's livelihood and building a harmonious society background, the study of Fu Shan's political ethics is very important ideological and practical significance.In this paper, approaches to the study include:methods of literature, mainly on the Fu Shan and the original reading research literature; comparison method, Fu Shan's political ethics and political thoughts and the traditional ethical to conduct a longitudinal comparison, and contemporary ideas of democracy horizontal comparison, in order to carry out detailed research.