A Re-understanding On The Sino-soviet Debate

The Sino-Soviet debate, which happened from the middle and late fifties to the middle sixties in the twentieth century, lasted for ten years. It was a great debate between the two biggest Communist Parties due to the divergences in ideology, domestic and foreign polieies and the national interests. The debate not only caused the division of the Sino-Soviet relations and the world communist movement,but also deeply influenced the world strategic pattern later. If we deeply analyzed the origin, historical influence and lessens of the Sino-Soviet debate, we can gain important enlightenment and meaning for our internal and foreign affairs.This dissertation includes three sections as follows:Section One reviews the process of the debate from the beginning to the end and analyze the characteristics of each stage. The debate includes three stages. The first stage, in which the not open debate was undertaken, started on the 20th National Congress of Soviet Communist Party in February 1956, and ended in April 1960, when CPC issued"Long Live the Leninism". The sceond stage was a stage without naming eaeh other.That was from the Bueharest Conferenee in June 1960 to the issue of"Announeement on Ameriean Communist Party"by CPC in March 1963. The third stage,in which the two parties debated with naming each other openly, was from the proposition of the general guideline of the international communist movement by Soviet Communist Party in March 1963 to the 23rd National Congress of Soviet Communist Party in March 1966.In this stage, the relationship between the two parties was broken thoroughly, and then the relationship was halted.Section two comments the main viewpoints of the Sino-Soviet debate. As a whole,the viewpoints of both parties were right partly,and none of them were completely right. First,for the problem how to commemt on Stalin, Khrushehev's criticism on Stalin was the needs of Soviet's social development and later had a profound impact on the refrom of socialist countries and breaking Stalin Model. However, Khrushehev didn't understand the problem deeply and his way of criticizing on Stalin was not correct. CPC put forword that we must analysis completely and dialectly the thing.The view was correet.But CPC recognition was not profound so that CPC repeated Stalin's mistakes.Second,about the opinion of epoch, the view of peaceful coexistence with the capitalist that put forward by Khrushehev was in compliance with the time. But Mao Tse-tung paid more attention to the the struggle against imperialism diplomatic policies. Third,with regard to the socialist economic construction ,Mao Tse-tung launched the"Great Leap"movement in order to develope socialism in China better and faster. Khrushchev criticized it publicly. At the same time, Mao Tse-tung considered Khrushchev's reforms as"revisionism". At last, for the understanding of Marxism, Khrushchev's exploration and reform contained a number of positive elements and was not engaged in revisionism. On the contrary,CPC violated the serious"left"deviation due to opposing and guarding against revisionism.Section three illustrates the history impact and lessons of Sino-Soviet debate.The Sino-Soviet polemics intensified the CCP's"Left"mistakes,deteriorated the environment for the development of Chineses economy, split the socialist camp. Debate has given us a profound exhortation.