Study On The Geopolitical And Geoeconomic Pattern Of Oil-Gas Resource In Arctic Region

During the late period of 20th Century, especially after the Cold War, the pace of globalization is accelerating; the international political and economic relationship develops to a new stage. As strategic target has shifted from existence strategy to development strategy, economic interests, economic statues and national economic security become the first strategic goal that large countries pursuit in the world.Entering the 21st century, the competition focusing on the oil-gas becomes increasingly intense. Energy issue becomes an important part of diplomatism which affects international politics and economy. In recent years, with Arctic region warming accelerating, Arctic sea-ice disappearing rapidly, oil and gas reserves proved in Arctic region, sovereignty dispute over the Arctic Ocean is gradually becoming a new focus of international affairs. Apparently, it originates from resource contest and channel control. However, as to big-power relation and international political structure, this dispute has a profound influence on many leading countries. The countries involved, especially the leading countries, will be faced with a problem of constructing'a new Arctic order, avoiding another cold war, and' preventing security dilemma in order to construct a harmonious world.This study, under the frame of human geography, using the theory of Geo-politics, Geo-economy, Environment and energy economy and Sustainable Development for reference, with the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, analyses the oil-gas geo-relationship(competition and cooperation) in Arctic region. Under the background of supply and demand geo-pattern, the article also analyses sustainable development strategy of exploitation of oil and gas in Arctic region, and the influence on economy, climate, culture and eco-environment.Firstly, the thesis briefly analyzes the international oil-gas resource through describing world proved oil-gas reserves, world oil-gas production, world oil-gas consumption, international oil-gas price and international oil-gas political pattern. Secondly, from the angle of geo-perspective, this thesis further researches the oil-gas resource situation in Arctic region and its position in international oil-gas pattern, the war of Arctic Ocean's sovereign rights, and also analyses economic value,political value, military value, shipping value and ecological value of Arctic Ocean. Thirdly, in view of the sustainable development, this thesis discusses the exploitation of oil-gas resource and the influence on culture and ecological environment in Arctic region, and under the geo-pattern, greatly stresses to analyze and demonstrate the oil-gas security strategic tendencies in Arctic region. Lastly, this thesis analyses the role of China in the Arctic-region affair, put the emphasis on the future development of Arctic region and reconstruction of the Arctic regional new order.