Analyze On The Reform Of Funeral And Interment Administration System Of China

Funeral and interment activity is one of the cultures of human being, which relates to natural resources spiritual civilization and environmental health. Based on the current conditions of large population and the average occupation of land space, Chinese government puts the funeral and interment administration reform policy into effect, in order to motivate the development of culture and marketing economy.Chinese government guides and supervises the civil affairs, to uphold people's legal rights, benefits and the regular social order, by organizing, coordinating, regulating and controlling the funeral and interment activities. To some extent, funeral and interment administration is not only one kind of administration, but also the culture work of making changes in custom and traditions. Because of the influence of planned economy,the closure and monopolism of funeral and interment industry restrict the development of the funeral and interment market.Since 2003, the funeral and interment industry has become one of the tenth industries which sudden huge profits. Under this background, with the establishment of Chinese marketing economy and the participation of WTO, the principals of WTO bring huge chances and challenges to the Chinese funeral and interment administration system and the industry. Especially the enforcement of the Administrative License Law of The People's Republic of China, Chinese funeral and interment market has been open; with the private capital and the foreign capital participating in the industry, the current administration system no more applies to the development of the marketing economy, people calling for the reform of it. Carrying out the reform of funeral and interment administration system is of great significance to the reform and the opening-up.The paper from the point of view of public management, with the research methods of pattern of government management, public administration theories, public sector economics, public organization management, and the experience of the domestic and aboard, analyze on how to reform the funeral and interment administration system, by expounding views on the function and the status of government, public service, the value of public policy and relationships among government, public organization, market, in order to build up a modem system which matches with Chinese marketing economy.The research work of this paper includes the following contents specifically:1. The paper presents the intension and the constitutional elements of the funeral and interment administration system. The subjects which include the government and its departments, public firms, non-profit organizations and international non-government organizations (IOs), administrate the notion, custom and traditions of funeral and interment activities, by legislation, administration and economic methods.2. Related to Chinese reform of economy system, this paper analyzes on the historical development and the features of funeral and interment administration system since People's Republic of China established, which is divided into passive-managed period, monopolistic-managed period, and government-leading period. 3. The paper tries to analyze the current situation of Chinese funeral and interment administration system, in order to presenting the problems of Chinese current funeral and interment administration system in the following factors:First, Non-separating of government and public enterprises, without a clear line between the relationship of the government and enterprises, with ambiguity position of the main management status in administration and law enforcement, lacking sense of public responsibilities.Second, indefinite role of administration department, duties and functions are not clear, rights and liabilities are mal-position, cross-role playing.Third, with the scarcity of the governmental investment in funeral and interment public facilities, public service is insufficient.Forth, the government excessive intervention of funeral and interment marketing, lacking of the supervisions of principals, institute and price measures.Last, Non-separating the functions of institutions from government, the mixed-up relationships of the government and NPO etc, institutions'duties and functions are unclear.4. The author analyzes on the necessary and importance of the motivation of this reform. It is not only the demands of establishing the law-based government, but also helpful for the supervision of the market and the establishment of funeral and interment salvation system, the functions of institutions, and that making changes in custom and traditions of funeral and interment.5. Combined with the experience of the domestic and aboard, the paper analyzes on how to reform the funeral and interment administration system, on the following aspects:First, what kind of role should the government and administration departments play in the funeral and interment marketing.Second, what kind of measures should be taken, when the government provides public service.Third, facing the competition of the marketing economy, especially the opening-up market, how the government chooses the value of public policies.Fourth, how the government deals with the relationships among government, non-profit organizations, market.Last, how the non-government organizations and companies participate in the competition of funeral and interment market.In conclusion, the author tries to build up a modem, development-construction-public service-supervision-united system which matches with Chinese marketing economy.