A Reearch On The Vicissitudes Of The European University During The Period Of The Renaissence And The Religious Reform

Since the Middle Ages,many universities appeared in Europe.The universities, like the university of Paris,the university of Oxford and the university of Bologna have important influence on the modern universities.As the same, many universities appeared in the modern times,such as the college of Geneva,the universities of Scotland the university of Leiden and so on,they are established successfully and make positive infulunce on us.In the period of the Renaissence and religious reform,the univeisities of Europe made a great change and began to transit into modern universities.The Renaissance and religious reform used to have the following influences on traditional universities:the dominant scholastic courses offered at universities in theMiddle Ages were shocked; the popularizat ion process of universities was accelerated; universit ies were transformed from international institutions into national institutions and the academic freedom began to appear. The evolution history of European universities in the Middle Ages indicates that the embryonic form of modern university began to appear during the period of the Renaissance and the religious reform. Under the influence of the Renaissance and religious reform,especialiy under the humanism ideology,the European traditional universities made a great development in number,system of management,framework of curriculum,study of science, etc.The progress laid great foundations for the modernization of European higher education.After the religious reform,the power was controled by the popular governments.The governments beganto control and interfere the universities,so the national and local universities began to appear. Under the infulunce of the Renaissance and religious reform, the universities of Europe popularization, nationalization, humantisization, sciencization and traditionalization progeress was accelerated. Though the reform of universities was finally completed at the beginning of the 19th century. The traditional universities of Europe finally transited into the modern universities.