The Research In American University Academic Research Development

With the development of society, more and more people realize that lack of academic innovation is difficult for a country to stand. However, ascending technology and development ability needs good scientific environment, the formation of a favorable environment for academic research and the establishment of innovation-oriented country needs long-term process. Comparing the current level of scientific research of China with developed countries, there is a great distance. In order to reduce the gap as soon as possible, we need to research the history from other countries to find enlightenment.This paper attempts to follow the development of American Academic research study, which aims at the internal and external reasons why the United States academic research developed so rapidly.The paper includes three parts: introduction, text and conclusion.Introduction mainly talks about foundation and meaning of topic selection. It also introduces current research situation about this area.The first chapter is mainly the latter half of the nineteenth century, first introducing the background during the beginning of academic research and development, and then analyzing the characteristics of academic research at that time, then describing the relationship between academic research and professional journals and professional associations.The second chapter mainly studies the U.S. academic research during early 20th century to World War II. First introducing the academic background during this period, including American attracted a large number of distinguished scientists and professors engaged in academic research been recognized importance.The third chapter is mainly the Second World War to the twentieth century, the eighties, American University of rapid development of academic research. Innovations continue to emerge, the United States has become the world's largest country Nobel laureates. From the history of American higher education, a quarter century after World War II, the University entered a "golden age." To understand the development of academic research in American universities is necessary to understand its special historical background—the Cold War. In the early of the Cold War, in order to achieve the purpose, the U.S. federal government provided unprecedented sponsorship to academic research on the University.In addition to government concern of university research, the businesses actively cooperate with universities, and charitable organizations are also favor of university academic research occasionally. Academic research activities during this period more emphasized on applied research, stressed the cooperation of universities, enterprises and the federal government research laboratories, tripartite cooperation increased research funding, was one of the characteristics of academic research During this time.The fourth chapter is mainly since the late twentieth century, the stage of United States universities Academic Research continued development. University research presented in America is faced new challenges. Since twentieth century American Academic research has continued forward. The development of academic research in American universities is also facing new situation and new problems. The impact of the global financial crisis, in order to get funding resources the Inter-University had to carry a competition, but competition for university research is not always negative. It can make the school to develop their own characteristics, also promote the development of the school.The fifth Chapter mainly discusses the U.S. federal government in order to maintain its leading position in the global technology research activities funds the University, and analyzes the reason of sustainable development of American Academic research activities.