| The evaluation on the performance of the primary students is the essential part of the primary education as well as the key in the reforming of the examination in the primary school. The current evaluation of the students' performance mainly involves the two aspects: the goal of the fundamental development and the study aim of the subject. The performance of the study of certain subject is primarily evaluated by the curriculum criterion of the various courses. The achievement test is designed according to the curriculum criterion and teaching aims to measure the students' mastery of concepts, principle and knowledge in certain fields. In order to evaluate the performance of students better and help the teacher to measure the students' mastery of the mathematics. Under the instruction of the item response theory, the author designed the criterion referenced mathematics achievement test and provided a subsidiary test for the evaluation of the performance of mathematics of grade 3rd. To ensure the efficiency and accuracy, two-way specification table and test specification were designed before the experiment, the items were carefully determined. The items were adopted in the form of the single choice and the basic score was 0. 1. The research consisted of four tests with each containing 80 items. The Bejar method was carried out on the data collected and all the results were in accordance with the request of unidimensionality . When evaluated by ANOTE software, the data fitted Three-Parameter Logistic Model. To convert all parameters to the same scale, the research adopted Anchor-test design, and finished the item parameter equating. The cut-off score was determined by the bookmark method, thus the lowest item information provided byeach item are defined, considering the test specification.52 items were selected to constitute the formal test. The formal test information was 31.1548, SE=0. 1267, which was accorded with the requirements of the item response theory.
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