The Study On The Higher Education Of Xinjiang Minorities In Twenty Century

Xinjiang is an area with many ethnic groups living here. The population of the ethnic minorities is about 60% of the whole population. The construction of Xinjiang, to such a great extent, depends on their educational level.In recent years, public figures from various circles have shown great concern for the higher education of minority nationalities in Xinjiang. The reason is that this kind of education aims at developing senior professional personals for each minority group. The backbones will go to every field of endeavor and help the development of the whole region. So it will directly relate to the stability of society, the development of economy, the solidarity of nationalities and the unity of the country, which make it great significance.There are many contents relating to the higher education of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang. This essay focuses on the number change of minority students, the increase of minority teacher. The change of enrollment marks, the preparatory education, Chinese education and funds for education etc. Chronologically, this essay can be divided into four periods, respectively stating the developing course, positively affirming the achievements and concluding the experience. It analyses the problems in the higher education and its reason to give some good suggestions.During the year 1901 to 1949 in Xingjiang, minority education was quite backward and the higher education was just at the beginning. Before the liberation, there was only one institute and one language college for professional training. Students were quite a few, especially the minority ones. The reason is that the ruler in Xinjiang during that period paid less attention to education. In addition to some other objective factors, the whole education in Xinjiang fell quite behind. Then Shicai-sheng came onto the stage. In order to strengthen his domination, he applied the police of "be close to the Soviet Union and allying the Communist Party." On education, he sent a large number of students to the Soviet Union, among whom there were a lot of minorities. The higher education of ethnic minorities in Xingjiang got a certain development.HIAfter the liberation, in order to completely solve the ethnic problems, thoroughly isolate the minority reactionaries and foster the minority cadres, the government of the Uygur Autonomous Region established many colleges to develop professional personals of various kinds. Great achievements have achieved in higher education of minorities, which had a lot bearing on the Party's ethnic policy.In 1966, the Cultural Revolution took place. Every industry in the country was seriously destroyed. The higher education of minorities in Xinjiang was not on exception. In spite of this, it still got some improvements.After the ending of the Cultural Revolution, the higher education of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang developed in a fast speed. The number of students increased generously and so did the teachers. But if compared with the level of the entire county, the gap still exists. This essay raised some creative ideas so as to get the sound and fast development of the higher education of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang.