On Urbanization Of Academy Of Classical Learning In Qing Guangzhou

Academy of Classical Learning was an important cultural and educational organization in Chinese history. They most were built in the beautiful scenery to avoid noisy and interference of the city for studying scholarship, which use the way of Buddlist temple and Taoist abboy, then they have make distinct scholastic special character. But in the Qing dynasty the imperial government wanted to control local society more firmly so order the local authorities build academy of classical learning in the key cities, which were use to lead the development of culture and education in a certain area. On the initiation of these policies, different levels government officials built many academies of classical learning in the cities. This way made academies of classical learning change their tradition which were built in the outskirts, which gradually concentrated in the cities and the phenomenon of Urbanization of Academy of Classical Learning have arisen. The course of the development of the academies of classical learning can fully explain this problem.The scope of Guangzhou in this thesis just include the city proper, not including the whole Guangzhou prefecture. The phenomenon of Urbanization of Academy of Classical Learning in Qing Guangzhou was closely related with the development of Guangzhou itself and that Academy of Classical Learning in Qing imitated the pattern of the schools which were started by government. Because on one side Guangzhou has flourishing commerce and profound cultural base, which supplied enough human and material resources for the operation of Academy of Classical Learning in Qing Guangzhou; on the other side the officials intervened many things about Academy of Classical Learning, which could avoid some disadvantageous factor to interfere the course of Urbanization of Academy of Classical Learning. So thus, under the local authority command and scholars and merchants' coordinate* a layer net of Academy of Classical Learning was built, which has radiation and contact function. The net not only affected and led the cultural and educational work in Guangzhou even Guangdong develop, butalso (he merchant 's enthusiasm about study was aroused effectively, which transmitted the "true and reasonable" ideology that was admitted by government to different levels people and help the government realize the cultural hegemony. In a word, The phenomenon of Urbanization of Academy of Classical Learning in Qing Guangzhou raised people's cultural level, but at the same time, it kept thoughts within limited to a certain extent, which made the societal functions of Academy of Classical Learning turn to help the government lead the development of cultural and educational work in the area and make it conform to the standard.