Research On Hu Shi's Ideology Of Chinese Education

Hu Shi, one of the important exploiters in modern Chinese education, wrote down a huge character Ren in the history of modern Chinese education. The ideology of wholesome individualism put forward by Hu Shi is actually a type of humanism, demanding that human is a principal part which possesses independent personality, free spirit and self-conscious sense of responsibility. His basic direction of Chinese educational ideology was decided by this claim.Hu Shi's ideology of Chinese education has experienced an evolutionary process including germination, formation, development and maturation. From his discussion about teaching method of classical Chinese to his claim that Chinese education should mainly consist of vernacular, it accomplished a leap of quality. Hu Shi's ideology of Chinese education is generally formed by five concepts of objective, character,content, teaching materials and teaching methods. His aim of Chinese education is based on three points, namely the capability of expressing ideas freely in Chinese, making use of classical Chinese books and appreciating Chinese literature masterpieces. These three points contact with each other as a whole, which enables it to cultivate new people with sense of independence. The character of Chinese subject was not directly stated by Hu Shi, but it was concluded by someone, in a sense of tool, that Hu Shi's concept of Chinese should be further discussed. The content of Chinese subject gives prominence to Chinese education and literature education and opposes students' reading lection in elementary school and middle school. For the selection of Chinese materials, selective standards and arranging manner, Hu Shi brought forward constructive advice, suggesting that the selection of teaching materials be treated equally, the selective standards include reasonable logic, advisable contents and clear language, and the arranging manner of teaching materials cover three kinds: literature history, style and type of writing. As far as teaching is concerned, Hu Shi put emphasis on the status of students as a principal part and regarded teachers' roles as guiders and organizers. The reading teaching aims at cultivating students' skeptical consciousness while the writing teaching intends to awaken students' sense of life. The major idea of Hu Shi's ideology of Chinese education, which centers on bringing up people, and modem Chinese education development direction are in harmony, all of which are to cultivate an independent person. His ideology of Chinese education gave an impact on contemporary Chinese education research.