The Narration And Discussion Of "The New Education Movement" (1912-1927)

"The New Education Movement" happened in the early period of the Civilian State. It experienced the epoch huge change of the New Education from the traditional education to the modern education. In the movement, the struggle between the old and the new was serious. The whole tendency was changing from Japanese model to American model. At the same time, Europe was experiencing "The New Education Movement", while the USA was doing "Progressivism Education Movement". Both of them interflowed at the 1920s, and "the International New Education Association" came into existence. They protested that education should respect the children and their individuality, calling for education getting touch with life. The international education current profoundly affected the Chinese "The New Education Movement" with the Dewey and Monroe's arrival to China. The educationalists represented by Cai Yuanpei, most of whom came back home from American education, and all of the staff actively responded to the new flood. Under the flag of science and democracy, the educationalists at home and abroad held the liberal spirit of education, playing together an unprecedented education movement, which turned the Chinese education into one part of the international education current, and brought Chinese education to the orbit of modernization. The process of modernization was not all the transplantation of the Western education thought, but an innovation in it, i.e. Chinanization in the the Westernization. So the most important reform of education in the neuteric and modern history of China came into being. Because most of the correlative study of the education history belongs to the general history, and there is no essay on the education movement comes out in the viewpoint of movement, I tend to step in the area.Penman briefly introduced the definition of "The New Education Movement" in theforeword, the similarities and differences between new style education movement and theNew Culture Movement. The text is divided into four parts: Part One discusses theevolvement process of "The New Education Movement", which is divided into fourperiods: the first is the beginning period (1912-1917) , the second the shaping period(1917-1919) ,the third the climax period (1919-1925) ,the fourth the waning period(1925-1927) . Part Two discussed the starters and the participators from the three layersof chiefs, cadremen and adherents. Part Three indicated the freedomism thought of education was the guidance thought, and summed the basic content of the Movement from three aspects of democratization, scientification and Chinanization. The last part analyzed the historical status and effect of "The New Education Movement". The epilogue summed the discipline of a movement, and analyzed the characteristic, achievement, deficiency and the apocalypse to us today.