The Realization Of Faculties' Rights

Faculties are professionals of universities and not the guardians of the Ivory Tower any longer. This changing affects their social position, especially their rights. Faculty is the soul of the university, no matter how complex the university becomes. It is important to make the faculty's personal demand consists with the university's development. As professionals, what kind of rights they should have? Can these rights become reality? What we can do to make sure that the teachers' legal rights and interests will be met? Those questions are not only concerned by faculties, but also administrant of universities.Rights are those benefits which under the refuge of lows. Different act embody different rights. For faculties, we can partition their rights into general rights and special rights. The former include personal right, labor reward, property, intellectual property, right relief, etc. These rights are not quite different from other people in scope, but there are some special demands in fact. As intellectual, faculty needs more self-esteem. They may confront with more hurt because their work is contact with all kinds of people: young and old, poor and rich. Faculties' working reward is difficult to figure up because what they create is just idea, not substance usually. Sociological research consider that the more important a profession is, the more difficult is to enter it, and more payment is required. Faculties should in the middle of the social ladder, so their salary must be at the average level or a little more. Faculties' special rights come from their professional demand. Academic freedom is their privilege, which enable them to have more free-speech, to make choice of teaching or research, to manage academic affairs themselves, etc. As professionals, faculties need more chances to improve their knowledge and skill. Besides, more discussion with their fellow in the same field can help to light on new ideas. So faculties have rights to take part in trainings and forums. These are called professional develop rights. As the main member of universities, faculties have rights to participate in the operation of their organizations. Any rights without legal assistant are all talk. Rights relief is what they need when somebody infringed their rights.Can all these faculties' rights become realization? A survey indicates that the fact is not optimistic. Although faculties' salaries are increased recent years, but it is scarcity relatively, still not enough to attract elitists to join or stay at universities. Faculties want to attend in some advanced studies and seminars, but they can't get enough support of money or time from their organization, because that may encroach on the universities' profits. Without powerful organizations, the right which endues faculties to take part in the management of colleges becomes vain. Labor contracts should draw out after equal negotiate, represent and protect faculties' rights. But the formatted contract offered by college is always unfair for faculties because they are weak. Neither government officials nor labors, faculties find the relief system of rights is very weak when their rights are offended.Many factors influence the condition of faculties' rights. Administrative power can protect faculties' rights, but overmuch bureaucracy restricts faculties to actualize their rights. The changed social position also affects faculties' rights—come down to the third estate and lost their privileges. As the employee of universities, the right to operate the college faculties used to have has gone away, but their moral duty never decreased. The dissimilation of academic power distorts faculties' rights, some become monopoly, and others are excluded. Many faculties have no self-awareness of their rights, which stopped them to claim their legitimate rights. Furthermore, the globalization of higher educations also has impact on faculties' rights.To make the faculties' rights become realization, the following steps may be helpful. First, improve our legal system and establish education arbitration system. Second, introduce various contracts to meet different demands of different faculties and universities. Third, rebuild academic freedom with new diversiform evaluation system. Forth, organize educational agencies. Faculties must build their own organization to stand up for their rights. Finally, enhance supervision on scientific research capitals, to make sure the money is used on the right way.