A Survey On The Textbook In Secondary And Primary School From The View Of Sociology Of Knowledge

Education is the essential approach to filter, spread, distribute, accumulate, and develop knowledge, without which education would be to cook a meal without rice. Textbooks are the most important carriers of knowledge in school education. From the perspective of "history" and "society", the relationship between knowledge and social historical situation was discussed, aiming at: discovering how textbooks evolved with the transforming of knowledge; how knowledge came into textbooks and then influenced people; how textbooks reacted to the new characteristics of knowledge display.According to three transformations of knowledge in human history, the displayed knowledge in textbooks was reviewed and accordingly the evolvement history of textbooks was divided into three phases: pre-textbooks, textbooks, and post-textbooks time. With the theory of knowledge sociology, the knowledge presented in the Textbooks Time was analyzed. The results indicated that the knowledge was displayed with the stratificational trend and there were high-position and low-position knowledge existing. In addition, the knowledge displayed in textbooks reflected the characteristics such as right distribution and social manipulation. Such knowledge was closed, inactive in content and knowledge only was focused, ignoring the essential subjects in the real process of knowledge impartment.People more probably obey such knowledge and become the dependency when they are exposed to it. So, the modern functional perspective of knowledge should be exceeded and the materials should be changed from closing towards opening. The knowledge transfer should focus on people not the knowledge only and the evaluation of the textbook should be transformed from "utility" to "development".