| It is known to all that the policy of national education plays an important role in instructing national education. As a multi-national country, how to establish reasonable policy of national education in China is not only related to educational fair between different races, but also about protecting and inheriting ethical culture.For eliminating interracial conflict and enhancing dominion, the Dynasts of Qing Dynasty made Yixue, which was a kind of free primary education in ancient China, as schools for children from needy families and have minority background. Carrying out Yixue policy in the areas of minority has strongly improved the educational level in there. However, the former studies in this field lack the perspective in education policy.Rongjiang of Guizhou province, always be a habitat for multi-race and strategic hot spot. We choose Rongjiang as a case for studying the situation of carrying out Yixue policy in Qing Dynasty, for the Yixue policy in there last long, broadly and influenced deeply, which is representative. On one hand, this study could enrich the research of the history of education of the areas of minority, on the other hand, it could reflect some historic experiences for pondering how to improve the development of education in minority areas by the policy of national education in the backgroud of multiculture.For achieving the research goals, this study choose reference method, case method, comparison method and interview method as research methods.The main content and viewpoints of this study as following:1. The background of carrying on Yixue policy in Rongjiang during Qing Dynasty, which contains the background of carrying out Yixue policy in Guizhou and other areas of minority during Qing. After the "Gai Tu Gui Liu" policy had been started in the Yongzhen period of Qing Dynasty, the local minority of Rongjiang erupted riots frequently. For eliminating the conflict between local minority and government, the Dynasts of Qing Dynasty decided to carry out Yixue policy as a tool for civilizing minority and enhancing rule in the area of Rongjiang.2.The situation of carrying on Yixue policy in Rongjiang during Qing Dynasty, which has five aspects contains the content of teaching, policy of educational management, policy of admission, policy of selecting teachers and policy of grant subsidizing. Certain education officials in charge of the management of Rongjiang's Yixue, they strictly managed the education grant, students' living and academic performance. In the aspect of policy of admission, Yixue admits eligible children of local minority. Policy of selecting teachers regulated the teachers for Yixue must be well educated people with high ethic quality. The fund of Yixue mainly derived from government grants, private donation and the rent of field belongs to school. For the purpose of Yixue policy is to civilize minority by feudal moral concepts, the content of teaching is Confucian thoughts.3.The effects of realizing Yixue policy in Rongjiang during Qing Dynasty. This study analyzed these effects from politics, economy, culture and other perspectives. Carrying out Yixue policy decreased the conflict between local people of Rongjiang and Qing government, stabilized the local situation., improved local productivity and economy, accelerated the transmission and development of Han culture in Rongjiang. At the mean time, Yixue policy also caused some negative effects, for instance, using Confucian as the sole content of education influenced the generation and development of local culture in some way.Finally, according to above analyses, this study discussed the Qing's policy of Yixue by the case of Rongjiang and provided some advices for the current policy of national education, such as establishing policy of natioanl education should insist the principle of fair and fact the need of the areas of minority; policy of ethical education must hold the belief of multiculture;increasing the educational grant for ensuring the realization of policy of ehical education.
|
PDF Full Text Request