Research On Take-off Techniques Of Elite Male Triple Jump Athletes Of Our Country

The national record of male triple jump in China has stayed unchallenged for the past 25 years,which itself ironically became a record—the longest ever in the history of Track and Field events in this country.However,the level of performance of either the elite or the average athlete is far from catching up with that of the worlds' most competitive nations.Among all the factors attributed to this backwardness,inadequate athletic technique is a vital one.Triple jump is the only event that requires athletes to carry out three fully leaping motion in a horizontal line,the core of which is the three time takeoffs.This article examined the takeoff techniques of the best five triple jump athletes who represent the highest level in China in order to give a theoretical analysis of the techniques through literature review, expert interviews and biomechanical analysis,with references to data collected from the worlds best players.Then it further points out the factors for the existing problems,and draws practical conclusions by illustrating and analyzing previous academic results with experience from specific cases.The purpose is to help improve our country's triple jump performance,in particular,giving useful instructions to coaches preparing for the coming Olympic Games.Through research and study we find out there are mainly six aspects of explanations for the existing problems:1 As is known,the takeoff in triple jump is a process during which horizontal speed changes into vertical speed,and is closely decided by athlete's quality of strength,which is a phenomenon of nerve- muscle. But in the past we' ve been focusing more on research and training practice on muscle,while not enough on the other.2 There's a distance between the average height and weight of our elite male triple jump athletes and that of the world's,which is in an ever-expanding trend among on active duty athletes.Notable differences exist in height,weight and Clayto index(P＜0.05).3 Our athletes did not put the maximal strength of leg into play when taking off.A small knee flexion angle,a slight amortization and insufficient extension are the characteristics of our elite athletes.4 From the aspect of takeoff range,the up-and-down change of gravity centre of world's elite athletes when taking off is more stable but that of the Chinese athletes is sharp,a situation called 'hop further,step nearer and jump higher".And this difference is significant.The degree of change of ups and downs of gravity centre affects the leaping distance dramatically.According to study,the take-off performance is the exact factor that divides our athletes from the world's best athletes.5 the backward situation of the Chinese athlete can also be interpreted from the perspectives of concept and methods of strength training.Chinese athlete's ability to support quadriceps contraction to the heart is strong,while the ability of passive stretching of centrifugal change into cardiac contraction is weak.Barbell is still the main tool for strength training,which has been a great help in accumulating experiences of speed strength method,but in terms of practice,it still lacks unified understandings and a more concentrated training target.