Developing The Psychological Sense Of School Community For College Students

Psychological sense of community (PSOC) is a core topic in the study of western community psychology,while the concept of PSOC is still disputed.This research gives a definition of psychological sense of school community(PSOSC) with the samples of college students and with the background of school community, puts forward the structure and makes up a psychological sense of school community scale (PSOSCS) with the subjects of college students, to assess Chinese college students' PSOSC level.More than two thousands and five hundreds college students were involved in interviews,text analysis and questionnaire survey and the results were mainly as follows:(1)PSOSC refers to psychological sense in the school enviroment which means the psychological conditions the college students depends on to surive and develop,and attitudinal experience of mutual influence.The concept contains three factors of collective recognition(cognitive factor),emotional attachment(emotional factor)and inheritance trend(readiness for action).Collectiove identity refers to students in school recognition and acceptance of collective oriented value.Emotional attachment refers to students' emotional experience of school and mutual communication,co-operation and mutual influence.Inheritance trend refers to the expectation and readiness state of community succession,development and prosperity of students in school.(2)PSOSCS has 31 items: "collective recognition"consists of 7 items, "emotional attachment" consists of 8 items, "inheritance trend" consists of 6 items.In order to improve the reliability, it includes lying subscale and interference subscale, each of them consists of 5 items.The results show the internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alphas) is .931,half-split reliability is .879,and two week test-retest reliability is .931. The CFA (conformitary factory analysis) supported a three-factor structure. The convergent validation and discriminate validation are also good. The results of correlative analysis and CFA showe the lying subscale and interference subscale are appropriate.(3)Norm in a small range was made, and the T score was used, of which, the mean score was 50, and the standard deviation was 10. The T scores above 60 were high, below 40 were low.(4)The results of the measurement with 2579 effective samples show that college students' PSOSC is above the middle level. The scores of the total scale and subscale of junior are higher than fresher,sophomore and senior.(5)The education countermeasures of this study were as follows: taking the theory of the psychological sense of school community into the mental health education could widen the area of the research of mental health education; applying the PSOSC to the practice of school consultation could widen the service area of school consultation effectively; helping and guiding students according to the development characters of the psychological sense of school community of college students could improve the pertinence of school psychological counseling significantly.